Contents
Unit 1 Wording and Phrasing(I)…………………………………………………………2
1.1 Significance of Learning Wording and Phrasing ……………………………………2
1.2 Lexical Diversity …………………………………………………………………3
1.3 Concrete and Specific Language ……………………………………………………4
1.4 Signal Words…………………………………………………………………………………6
Exercises……………………………………………………………………………………………9
Unit 2 Wording and Phrasing(II)……………………………………………………12
2.1 Pronoun Clarity……………………………………………………………………………12
2.2 Concise Language………………………………………………………………………15
2.3 Consistent Language……………………………………………………………17
2.4 Syntactic Variety ………………………………………………………………………20
Exercises…………23
Unit 3 Essay Development(1)………………………………………………………29
3.1 Sensory Details…………………………………………………………………………29
3.2 Comparison and Contrast …………………………………………………………………31
3.3 Narration ………………………………………………………………………………35
3.4 Thesis Statement …………………………………………………………………………37
Exercises……………………………………………………………………………………39
Unit 4 Essay Development(II)……………………………………………………42
4.1 Supporting Details ……………………………………………………………………42
4.2 Introductions and Conclusions (I) ………………………………………………………45
4.3 Introductions and Conclusions (Ⅱ) ……………………………………………………48
4.4 Body Paragraphs ………………………………………………………………………51
Exercises………………………………………………………………………………55
Unit 5Rhetoric(1)……………………………………………………………………57
5.1 A Brief Introduction to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Devices……………………………57
5.2 Alliteration, Assonance, and Consonance………………………………………………59
5.3 Simile ………………………………………………………………………………………62
5.4 Metaphor …………………………………………………………………………………65
Exercises…………………………………………………………………………………………67
Unit 6 Rhetoric(II)………………………………………………………………………69
6.1 Metonymy and Synecdoche …………………………………………………………69
6.2 Paradox and Oxymoron ………………………………………………………………72
6.3 Parallelism and Antithesis………………………………………………………………74
6.4 Chiasmus ………………………………………………………………………76
Exercises………………………………………………………………………………77
Unit 7 Critical Thinking(I)…………………………………………………………80
7.1 Critical Thinking: The 3Cs Framework ……………………………………………80
7.2 Common Logical Fallacies (I)…………………………………………………………83
7.3 Common Logical Fallacies (Ⅱ)………………………………………………………85
7.4 How to Certify (I): Evidence …………………………………………………87
Exercises…………………………………………………………………………89
Unit 8 Critical Thinking(Ⅱ)……………………………………………………91
8.1 How to Certify (Ⅱ): Mind Map……………………………………………………91
8.2 How to Claim:Logic (I)………………………………………………………………95
8.3 How to Claim:Logic (Ⅱ)………………………………………………………………97
8.4 How to Claim: Logic (Ⅲ) ……………………………………………………………100
Exercises…………………………………………………………………………………………102
Part II Topics for Effective Expression
Unit 1Learning………………………………………………………………104
Text A Learning to Learn…………………………………………………………………104
Effective Expression: A Linguistic Dimension …………………………………107
Effective Expression: A Rhetorical Dimension ……………………………………108
Effective Expression: A Logical Dimension ………………………………………109
Interactive Writing……………………………………………………………110
Text B Academic Motivations Can Change …………………………………………111
Effective Expression in Practice ………………………………………………………113
Critical Thinking in Practice ………………………………………………………114
Unit 2 Social Connection…………………………………………………………115
Text A Weak-Tie Friendships May Mean More than You Think ………………115
Effective Expression: A Linguistic Dimension ……………………………………118
Effective Expression: A Rhetorical Dimension ………………………………………119
Effective Expression: A Logical Dimension ………………………………………119
Interactive Writing………………………………………………………………………120
Text B “Sorry, I Was Distracted…” ………………………………………………121
Effective Expression in Practice …………………………………………………123
Critical Thinking in Practice …………………………………………………………125
Unit 3 Human Traits ……………………………………………………………………126
Text A The Power of Grit ……………………………………………………………………126
Effective Expression: A Linguistic Dimension ………………………………………129
Effective Expression: A Rhetorical Dimension ……………………………………131
Effective Expression: A Logical Dimension …………………………………………132
Interactive Writing………………………………………………………………………133
Text B Angela Duckworth Responds to a New Critique of Grit ………………134
Effective Expression in Practice ………………………………………………………137
Critical Thinking in Practice ………………………………………………………139
Unit 4 Gender Issues………………………………………………………………140
Text A Man, Weeping ………………………………………………………………140
Effective Expression: A Linguistic Dimension ………………………………………143
Effective Expression: A Rhetorical Dimension ………………………………………145
Effective Expression: A Logical Dimension………………………………………147
Interactive Writing………………………………………………………………………148
Text B Born to Be Different? ……………………………………………………………149
Effective Expression in Practice ……………………………………………………152
Critical Thinking in Practice ………………………………………………………154
Unit 5 Celebrities…………………………………………………………………155
Text A The Woman Behind the Wizard ……………………………………………155
Effective Expression: A Linguistic Dimension ………………………………………158
Effective Expression: A Rhetorical Dimension ………………………………………163
Effective Expression: A Logical Dimension ………………………………………165
Interactive Writing……………………………………………………………………166
Text B Ode to Beethoven ……………………………………………………………167
Effective Expression in Practice …………………………………………………170
Critical Thinking in Practice…………………………………………………173
Unit 6 Business ……………………………………………………………………174
Text A Co-opetition ……………………………………………………………174
Effective Expression: A Linguistic Dimension …………………………………177
Effective Expression: A Rhetorical Dimension ……………………………………181
Effective Expression: A Logical Dimension ………………………………………182
Interactive Writing……………………………………………………………………185
Text B Persuading the Unpersuadable ……………………………………………………186
Effective Expression in Practice…………………………………………………………188
Critical Thinking in Practice ……………………………………………………………189
Unit 7 Science and Technology……………………………………………………190
Text A Reading in a Whole New Way ………………………………………………190
Effective Expression: A Linguistic Dimension ……………………………………193
Effective Expression: A Rhetorical Dimension ………………………………………194
Effective Expression: A Logical Dimension ………………………………………196
Interactive Writing…………………………………………………………………………198
Text B Is Technology Harming Our Children's Health? …………………………199
Effective Expression in Practice …………………………………………………201
Critical Thinking in Practice …………………………………………………………201
Unit 8 Environment …………………………………………………………………203
Text A Three Environmental Issues and Ways to Combat Them …………203
Effective Expression: A Linguistic Dimension ……………………………………206
Effective Expression: A Rhetorical Dimension ……………………………………206
Effective Expression: A Logical Dimension ………………………………………206
Interactive Writing………………………………………………………………………207
Text B The Truth About the Environment …………………………………………208
Effective Expression in Practice ……………………………………………………210
Critical Thinking in Practice …………………………………………………………211
References ………………………………………………………………………213