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目录

目录

第1章 人工智能概述 ·························································1

1.1 什么是人工智能 ························1

1.2 人工智能的发展历史 ··················2

1.3 人工智能的分类 ························4

1.4 机器学习 ································5

1.5 深度学习 ································6

1.6 通用人工智能(AGI) ·················9

1.7 自然语言处理 ··························10

1.8 生成式人工智能(AIGC) ············11

1.9 强化学习 ·······························12

第2章 自然语言处理 ·······················································15

2.1 自然语言处理的基本概念 ············15

2.2 自然语言处理的主要技术 ············15

2.3 自然语言处理的发展历史 ············16

2.4 语言模型 ·······························19

2.5 文本分类和聚类 ·······················24

2.6 分词和词性标注 ·······················26

2.7 命名实体识别 ··························28

2.8 句法分析 ·······························29

2.9 情感分析 ·······························30

2.10 机器翻译 ······························32

2.11 文本摘要 ······························33

2.12 自然语言处理的商业应用 ···········34

2.13 自然语言处理的发展趋势 ···········39

第3章 OpenAI公司及其产品 ············································40

3.1 OpenAI公司简介 ·····················40

3.2 OpenAI公司发展历史 ················40

3.3 OpenAI和微软的合作 ················41

3.4 OpenAI公司主要产品 ················42

第4章 ChatGPT关联技术 ················································46

4.1 前馈神经网络 ··························46

4.2 序列到序列模型(Seq2Seq) ·········47

4.3 自注意力机制 ··························47

4.4 多头自注意力机制 ····················48

4.5 自监督学习 ····························48

4.6 Transformer 模型······················49

4.7 语言生成技术 ··························51

4.8 多语种语言模型 ·······················52

4.9 预训练语言模型 ·······················53

4.10 生成式预训练模型(GPT) ·········54

4.11 近端策略优化算法(PPO) ·········54

4.12 词嵌入 ································55

4.13 Softmax分类器 ······················56

4.14 指示学习和提示学习 ················57

IV

4.15 人类反馈强化学习(RLHF) ·······584.16 多模态 ································594.17 生成式对抗网络······················604.18 知识图谱和实体链接 ················614.19 GPU、TPU与模型训练 ·············61

第5章 ChatGPT介绍 ······················································665.1 ChatGPT的主要功能 ·················665.2 ChatGPT的开发历史 ·················675.3 ChatGPT的开发目标 ·················675.4 GPT模型的演化 ······················685.5 GPT-3到ChatGPT的演化 ···········715.6 模型的突破davinci-002 ··············735.7 ChatGPT的模型调用 ·················745.8 ChatGPT的训练过程 ·················745.9 预训练素材来源 ·······················765.10 训练数据集 ···························775.11 数据集标注 ···························785.12 RLHF应用 ···························795.13 计算资源与参数构成 ················815.14 ChatGPT存在的问题 ················82

第6章 GPT–3.5引擎介绍 ·················································846.1 GPT-3引擎 ····························846.2 GPT-3.5引擎 ··························856.3 ChatGPT和GPT-3的区别 ···········856.4 预训练 ··································856.5 词嵌入应用 ····························866.6 多层Transformer模块 ···············876.7 模型变体 ·······························88

第7章 ChatGPT使用指南 ················································907.1 如何访问ChatGPT····················907.2 如何更有效地提问 ····················917.3 提问技巧 ·······························957.4 会话线程 ·······························967.5 上下文 ··································977.6 重生成答案 ····························987.7 应对回答字数限制 ····················997.8 使用小技巧 ···························103

第8章 ChatGPT应用形式 ··············································1048.1 计算 ····································1048.2 写代码 ·································1068.3 解释代码 ······························1078.4 高级语言转换成汇编语言 ···········1088.5 反汇编 ·································1108.6 程序文档生成 ·························1118.7 程序语言转换 ·························1128.8 程序模拟运行 ·························1138.9 代码增加注释 ·························1138.10 时间复杂度计算·····················1148.11 代码优化方案 ·······················1158.12 修复代码Bug ·······················1168.13 查询公式 ·····························1178.14 生成复杂公式 ·······················1198.15 生成图片(通过代码运行) ········1208.16 生成表格 ·····························122

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目 录

V

8.17 生成数据库文档·····················123

8.18 自动生成SQL代码 ·················123

8.19 不同数据库SQL命令转换 ········124

8.20 提取关键字 ··························126

8.21 取名 ··································126

8.22 转换人称 ·····························127

8.23 整理文字 ·····························127

8.24 生成流程图 ··························128

8.25 英语论文摘要 ·······················130

第9章 OpenAI API ························································132

9.1 API概论 ·······························132

9.2 交互方式 ······························132

9.3 关键概念 ······························133

9.4 Playground工具 ······················135

9.5 API例子 ·······························136

9.6 API访问 ·······························137

9.7 API使用 ·······························138

9.8 API参数 ·······························139

9.9 API功能模块 ·························142

9.10 API端点(Endpoints) ·············143

9.11 文本生成 ·····························144

9.12 语言翻译 ·····························145

9.13 情感分析 ·····························145

9.14 文本摘要 ·····························147

9.15 文本相似度 ··························149

9.16 文本分类 ·····························149

9.17 命名实体识别 ·······················152

9.18 聊天机器人 ··························153

9.19 设置API响应字符数 ···············155

9.20 API应用案例 ························156

第10章 构建自己的ChatGPT模型 ···································160

10.1 为什么需要 ··························160

10.2 如何训练 ·····························160

10.3 如何使用 ·····························161

10.4 训练代码示例 ·······················161

10.5 模型使用代码示例 ··················163

10.6 训练数据集格式·····················164

10.7 企业专有模型构建 ··················164

第11章 ChatGPT用于数据分析 ·······································167

11.1 数据分析简介 ·······················167

11.2 数据准备 ·····························167

11.3 数据的可视化 ·······················170

11.4 聚类分析 ·····························180

11.5 相关性分析 ··························184

11.6 预测 ··································186

第12章 ChatGPT在不同领域的应用 ································190

12.1 工业领域 ·····························190

12.2 医疗领域 ·····························192

12.3 金融领域 ·····························193

12.4 教育领域 ·····························194

12.5 知识产权领域 ·······················195

VI

第13章综合应用示例 ····················································19813.1 筹备会议 ·····························19813.2 拟订方案 ·····························20413.3 申请专利 ·····························20913.4 软件开发 ·····························21813.5 解决生产技术问题 ··················238

第14章教育行业应用示例 ··············································24614.1 拟定教学大纲 ·······················24614.2 撰写教案 ·····························25414.3 制作教学PPT ·······················26414.4 出试卷 ·······························26714.5 编写毕业设计材料 ··················27314.6 撰写毕业论文 ·······················28614.7 准备新建专业材料 ··················295

参考文献········································································299

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