第一章 应用文 第一节 真题回顾与总结 一、英语一历年小作文真题 ●?2005 致歉信(辞职) Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason (s), and making an apology. ●?2006 询问信(请求) You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan. ●?2007 建议信 Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service. ●?2008 道歉信+建议信 You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to 1) make an apology, and 2) suggest a solution. ●?2009 建议信 Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. “White pollution” is still going on. Write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper to give your opinions briefly and make two or three suggestions. ●?2010 通知/告示 You are supposed to write for the Postgraduates’ Association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization. The notice should include the basic qualifications for applicants and the other information which you think is relevant. ●?2011 推荐信 Write a letter to a friend of yours to 1) recommend one of your favorite movies, and 2) give reasons for your recommendation. ●?2012 建议信 Some international students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students’ Union to 1) extend your welcome, and 2) provide some suggestions for their campus life here. ●?2013邀请信 Write an email of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest. ●?2014建议信 Write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university, suggesting how to improve students’ physical condition. ●?2015推荐信 You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members. ●?2016 通知/告示 Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words, providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library. ●?2017 推荐信 You are to write an email to James Cook, a newly-arrived Australian professor, recommending some tourist attractions in your city. Please give reasons for your recommendation. ●?2018邀请信 Write an email to all international experts on campus, inviting them to attend the graduation ceremony. In your email, you should include time, place and other relevant information about the ceremony. ●?2019回信 Suppose you are working for the “Aiding Rural Primary School” project of your university. Write an email to answer the inquiry from an international student volunteer, specifying the details of the project. ●?2020通知 The Student Union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. Write a notice in about 100 words. ●?2021建议信 A foreign friend of yours has recently graduated from college and intends to find a job in China. Write him/her an email to make some suggestions. 二、英语二历年小作文真题 ●?2010 感谢信+邀请信 You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to 1) express your thanks for his/her warm reception; 2) welcome him/her to visit China in due course. ●?2011 祝贺信+建议信 Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university, write him/her a letter to 1) congratulate him/her, and 2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life. ●?2012投诉信 Suppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an online store the other day. Write an email to the customer service center to 1) make a complaint, and 2) demand a prompt solution. ●?2013通知+ 邀请信 Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to 1) inform them about the details, and 2) encourage them to participate. ●?2014询问信 Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John, a local student. Write him an email to 1) tell him about your living habits, and 2) ask for advice about living there. ●?2015通知/告示 Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a notice to 1) briefly introduce the camp activitees, and 2) call for volunteers. ●?2016 回信(感谢)+建议信 Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend, Jack, wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation. Write him a reply to 1) thank him, and 2) give your advice. ●?2017回信 Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to 1) accept the invitation, and 2) introduce the key points of your presentation. ●?2018致歉信+建议信 Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith. Write him an email to 1) apologize and explain the situation, and 2) suggest a future meeting. ●?2019建议信 Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic. Write him an email to 1) suggest a specific topic with your reasons, and 2) tell him about your arrangements. ●?2020建议信 Suppose you are planning a tour of a historic site for a group of international students. Write them an email to 1) tell them about the site, and 2) give them some tips for the tour. ●?2021邀请信 Suppose you are organizing an online meeting. Write an email to Jack, an international student, to 1) invite him to participate, and 2) tell him about the details. 第二节 重点话题与预测 一、致歉信 1. 致歉信通常用于因给人带来不便而表达歉意。文章首段表达歉意,第二段写明弥补措施。 2. 对于别人的邀请,可以选择接受或拒绝,拒绝更容易展开。拒绝信也属于致歉信,第二段通常描述拒绝的原因。(拒绝理由模板:It is mainly because at that time I will be fully occupied with 事情 which is beyond my expectation, and that conflicts with 活动. Therefore, I am forced to adjust my schedule and cannot make my presence. I sincerely hope that you will enjoy a good time. By the way, can we have a dinner together sometime next week? I hope to see you soon.) 预测试题 You are invited to a dinner at a friend’s house, but you are not able to attend. Write a letter to your friend to express your apology, explain your reason(s), and suggest a meeting at another time. Dear Jack, Thank you for the invitation to have a dinner at your home. Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot attend. I am fully occupied with preparing for an important exam coming the day after tomorrow. You know, it is of great importance to me because it tightly concerns my graduation. I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of such a happy get-together, and I hope that all of you have a good time. Is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting afterward? If so, please don’t hesitate to drop me a line about your preferable date. I do long for a pleasant chat with you. Please allow me to say sorry again. Sincerely yours, Li Ming 亲爱的杰克: 感谢你邀请我去你家共进晚餐。可是,我非常遗憾地告诉你我无法赴约。 我正忙于准备后天的一门重要考试。你知道的,这个考试对我来说很重要,它关系到我能否毕业。错过了这么一个欢乐的聚会我深感遗憾,我希望你们能度过一段愉快的时光。对了,在我考试后我们可以见一面吗?如果可以,请随时给我写信,我非常期待能和你愉快地聊天。 请允许我再次致歉。 真诚的, 李明 二、感谢信 1. 感谢信用于对别人给予的帮助、建议或热情招待表示感谢。文章首段表达谢意。第二段通常描述别人的帮助给你带来的良好结果,同时可以提到如何回报。 2. 第二段也可以描述如果没有别人的帮助会有怎样的后果,注意要用到虚拟语气。(But for your timely help, I might have been 出现的问题. It is your assistance that filled me with enough confidence and everything ended up smoothly. I sincerely hope I could have a chance to pay back your kindness.) 预测试题 You have just come back from a student exchange program in the U.S.. Write a letter to your host family in New York to express your gratitude. Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith, I have been back to China safe and sound and here I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to your whole family for the kindness and hospitality when I was in New York. Your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a beautiful memory. I do hope that your whole family will pay a visit to China in the future, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your hospitality. I assure that you will enjoy visiting here as I did in your home. Please allow me to extend my gratitude once again. Please send my regards to your family. Sincerely yours, Li Ming 亲爱的史密斯先生和夫人: 我已安全回到中国。衷心感谢我在纽约期间你们全家对我的热情款待。 你们的慷慨帮助和无微不至的关心使我此行非常愉快,而我的第一次美国之行也因此变成了美好的回忆。我非常希望你们能来中国,让我有机会回报你们的热情款待,我保证你们会像我在纽约那样度过一段愉快的时光。 再次向你们表示感谢。代我向你们的家人问好。 真挚的, 李明 三、申请信 1. 申请信包含求学信、求职信、奖学金申请、加入团体申请、志愿者申请等。话题虽有不同,但可以归纳总结为“申请一个宝贵的机会(apply for a precious opportunity)”,去做一件事。 2. 申请信第一段说明写信目的,第二段阐述申请原因或详细的自我介绍,尤其以自我介绍较为常见,第三段表达期待回复或期待面试。 3. 如果考试内容为推荐信(recommendation),文章第二段就将申请信的自我介绍换成第三人称,考试时要灵活运用。 预测试题 You are a senior student, and an international event will be held in your city. Now several volunteers are wanted and you are really interested in it. Write a letter of application and ask for an interview. Dear Sir or Madam, Being a senior from a prestigious university, I am more than delighted to learn that you are looking for volunteers, so I am writing to apply for the position. To briefly introduce myself, I am majoring in business administration, and expect to graduate next June. Not only do I have excellent academic performance in all courses, but I also possess the rich experience of working as a volunteer in several renowned international events. Plus my personal communication skills and team spirit are also appropriate for this post. For further information, please refer to my attached résumé. I would be grateful if you could arrange an interview at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 尊敬的先生/女士: 作为知名大学的一名大四学生,我很高兴从广告上得知贵处正在招聘志愿者。为此,我写信应聘这个职位。 首先,请允许我简单介绍一下自己。我的专业是工商管理,将于明年六月份毕业。我不仅学习成绩优秀,而且有在知名国际赛事中担任志愿者的工作经历。此外,我善于交际,具有团队精神,非常适合这个职位。如果您需要了解更多的信息,请参考附件中的简历。 如果您能尽早为我安排一次面试,我将不胜感激。 真挚的, 李明 四、询问信 1. 询问信通常涉及询问具体信息、困难求助、生病慰问、失败安慰、寻找失物等。 2. 生病慰问、失败安慰等属于私人信函,注意语言不要过于复杂;询问具体信息、困难求助、寻找失物等属于正式信函,注意语气和语言的表达。 预测试题(慰问) Suppose your friend’s hometown was attacked by a hurricane. Write a letter of sympathy and solicitude to show your concerns. Dear Tom, I am shocked to learn about the recent events in your town from the newspapers and I am writing to extend my sincere sympathy and solicitude. It broke my heart to see all those pictures. Many people’s houses have been destroyed in the tragic hurricane. I am really worried about you and your family. I can only imagine how difficult it is for you. I cross my fingers for you now and hope that you are all safe and all right. Please let me know what I can do for you now. I feel extremely sorry for this tragedy, and look forward to hearing from you. Please pass my concerns on to your parents. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 亲爱的汤姆, 从报纸上得知贵镇最近发生的事情,我感到很震惊。我写信是为了表达我最真挚的慰问。 看到那些照片,我的心都碎了。许多人的房屋在这场悲惨的飓风灾害中被摧毁了。我真的很担心你和你的家人。我能想象这对你来说有多艰难。我现在为你祈祷,希望你平安无事。请告诉我现在我能为你做些什么。 我对此次悲剧的发生深表遗憾,并期待你的来信。请替我问候你的父母。 真诚的, 李明 预测试题(寻找失物) On the way to the airport, you found that your phone and computer had been left in the hotel. Write a letter to ask if the hotel manager can help you find them. Dear Sir or Madam, I am a regular guest of your hotel. Yesterday I hurried to the airport and left my iPhone 12 and MacBook in Room 111. Could you please contact the department responsible for collecting lost items of customers to check whether they have found them? In my iPhone 12, there are hundreds of photos taken with my parents and fellow students. These pictures are very precious to me. And my computer contains a wealth of data and materials on my research and a term paper. The deadline is looming ahead. I was sleepless over this last night. If you have found the lost stuff, please kindly email me back or contact me at 010-66666666. I would ask my pal to take them back. Many thanks. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 亲爱的先生/女士: 我经常入住贵酒店。昨天我匆忙赶往机场,把我的iPhone 12和苹果电脑落在了111房间。麻烦你联络负责收集客户丢失物品的部门,询问他们是否已经找到。 在我的iPhone 12里有几百张我与父母和学生的合影。这些照片对我来说非常宝贵。我的电脑中还有关于我的研究的大量数据与资料,以及一份学期论文。截止日期迫在眉睫,为此昨晚我失眠了。 如果你找到了我丢失的东西,请给我回邮件或拨打010-66666666联系我。我会让我的朋友去取。谢谢。 真诚的, 李明 五、祝贺信 1. 祝贺信用于祝贺对方获得胜利、取得进步、升学、升职等情况。文章首段表示祝贺。第二段可以对未来如何应对新的挑战给予建议。 2. 第二段也可以采用回顾取得成功的过程和对未来充满希望相结合的写作方式,但是要注意时态。(Years of hard work have finally turned out your success, and I know more than anyone else how much effort you have put in it. I am confident that you can make much greater achievements in the years to come. This success will be a new beginning, and a chance for you to embrace a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career.) 预测试题 Your friend Jason has been elected as the Chairman of the Students’ Union of your university. Write a letter to congratulate him, and express your best wishes and encouragement. You could include other information you think necessary. Dear Jason, I am much delighted to learn that you have been elected Chairman of the Students’ Union. This is a special and happy moment for you and I am very proud of your achievement. The Students’ Union plays an essential role in our campus life. Managing such an organization not only poses a great challenge to you, but also will fundamentally enhance your comprehensive ability. I believe this position will be a new beginning, and a chance for you to embrace a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career. Please accept my most sincere congratulations! Sincerely yours, Li Ming 亲爱的杰森: 听说你当选学生会主席,我感到非常高兴。对你来说,这是一个特殊而又高兴的时刻,我为你的成功感到骄傲。 学生会在我们的校园生活中起着重要的作用,要管理这个组织对你是一个很大的挑战,同时也将从根本上提高你的综合能力。我相信这是一个新的开始,是一个能使你拥有一份更充实的生活,并为你美好的未来打下基础的机会。 请接受我最诚挚的祝福! 真挚的, 李明 六、建议信 建议信是目前考研英语作文中出现频率最高的考查类型。第二段给予建议时应注意两点:①提出的建议要符合题意,避免内容空洞;②可以运用逻辑连接词firstly, secondly, thirdly等,让段落层次更加清晰。 预测试题 Write a letter to the president of your college about the unpleasant conditions of the college dormitory, and suggest possible solutions. Dear Mr. President, Being a freshman of our university, I feel that it is my obligation to make some suggestions concerning the basic conditions of our dormitory. Generally speaking, the dormitory building is in a satisfying environment and well-equipped. However, there are two unpleasant aspects that cause inconvenience to us. Firstly, the heating system is in need of improvement because it fails to maintain warmth in our rooms during the winter. Secondly, the furniture is not designed in a practical manner—there lacks a shelf to place books. I would be more than happy if my proposal could be considered and some positive changes take place in these regards. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 尊敬的校长先生: 作为本校的一名大一新生,我认为就学生宿舍条件提出一些建议是我应尽的义务。 总的来说,我们的宿舍楼环境良好、设备齐全。但是,仍然有两个方面不尽如人意,给我们的生活带来了不便:第一,冬天室内暖气不足,供暖系统需要进一步改善;第二,家具设计不合理,没有供我们放书的书架。 如果您能够考虑我的这些建议并使学校在以上方面做出改进,我将感激不尽。 真诚的, 李明 七、通知告示 1. 通知告示在考纲中有多种考查形式,如通知、征稿启事、演讲词、备忘录等。考生要注意几种类型的固定格式。备忘录考查的可能性较小。 2. 通知、征稿启事通常第一段阐述活动的目的,第二段详细介绍活动(或征稿)的内容,第三段表示欢迎大家积极参加(或踊跃投稿)。 3. 演讲稿通常围绕一个观点展开,注意开头和结尾的固定格式与表达。 预测试题(通知) Suppose you are a secretary of Department of Chinese,** University. Write a notice to inform the teachers and students of a lecture on cross-cultural studies. Notice In order to enrich our extracurricular life and promote the understanding of culture and technology, a lecture entitled “Across Cultures: Digital Media and Literate Activity” is to be held in the meeting room of the Chinese Department from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on Monday, December 11th. The lecture will be given by Professor Robert Johnson, who is from the Department of English Literature, University of Pennsylvania. Professor Johnson is known for his unique research on the relation between literate activities and new information technologies. He will present, in his humorous style, his research results in the relation between culture and technological development, which you will surely enjoy very much. All the teachers and students are welcome to attend this lecture. Department of Chinese 通??知 为了丰富课后生活,提升对文化和技术的理解,12月11日周一上午9点至11点将在中文系会议室举办一场题为“跨越文化:数字媒体和文化活动”的讲座。 主讲人为罗伯特·约翰逊教授,他来自宾夕法尼亚大学的英语文学系。约翰逊教授对文化活动和新信息技术之间的关系做了非常独到的研究,并因此而闻名。他将以幽默的风格展示他在文化和技术发展关系上的研究成果,相信你们都会很感兴趣。 欢迎广大师生来参加本次讲座。 中文系 预测试题(征稿启事) Suppose you are the editor of a journal from Taishan University, which is preparing for the celebration of the 30th anniversary. Now write a notice to collect contributions. Contributions Wanted Dec. 25th, 2021 To celebrate the 30th anniversary of our university, a special issue is scheduled to be published in the journal on our great achievements in the teaching and research activities in the past 30 years. Articles, photos, memoirs and other writings related to this topic are invited. Faculty members and students are welcome to send your contributions in whatever forms or styles to our office before Dec. 11th. You may also send your writings and photos electronically to the following address: liming@163.com. Editorial Office Journal of Taishan University 征稿启事 2021年12月25日 为了庆祝我们大学成立30周年,本杂志决定出版一期特刊,介绍在过去30年里我们在教学和研究活动中取得的巨大成就。 欢迎与此主题相关的文章、照片、回忆录和其他作品。欢迎教职员工和学生在12月11日前将任何形式或风格的作品寄到我们的办公室。你也可以将你的文字和照片的电子版发送到以下地址:liming@ 163.com。 《台山大学学报》编辑部 预测试题(演讲词) Suppose an international conference on how to promote the full development of youngsters will be held next month. On behalf of your university, you will deliver a speech. Now please prepare a speech draft. Ladies and gentlemen, Good afternoon! I am very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. Today my topic is “We Are the Future”. We are young. “How to spend our youth?” It is a meaningful question. To answer it, first I have to ask, “How do you understand the word ‘youth’?” Youth is not a time of life. It’s a state of mind. It’s not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips or supple knees. It’s a matter of the will. The past has gone. Nothing we do will change it. But the future is ahead of us. Remember that the world will give back to us what we give to the world. And from today on, let’s be the master of ourselves, and speak out, “We are the world, and we are the future.” That’s all. Thank you. 女士们,先生们: 下午好!很高兴能站在这里,给大家带来一个简短的演讲。今天我演讲的题目是《未来属于我们》。 我们正青春。“怎样度过青春?”这是一个有意义的问题。要回答它,我首先要问:“从‘青春’这个词中你能理解到什么?”青春不是一段年华,而是一种心境。青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝,而是意志。 过去的已经过去。无论我们做什么都改变不了。但未来就在我们面前。要相信我们给了世界什么,世界也将给我们什么。并且从今天开始,让我们一起做我们自己的主人,一起大声说出:“世界是我们的,未来是我们的。” 我的演讲到此结束。谢谢!