Unit One  The Writing Process: Prewriting, Drafting and Revising

Presentation & Practice 1

1  Generating Ideas 1

2  Organizing Ideas 12

3  Drafting, Revising, Editing, Proofreading 15

Guided Writing 21

Writing Tips 22

Writing Samples 23

Unit Two  The Sentence: Basic Sentence Patterns

Presentation & Practice 25

1  Simple Sentences 25

2  Compound Sentences 29

3  Complex Sentences 31

4  Compound-Complex Sentences 34

Guided Writing 37

Writing Tips 38

Writing Samples 40

Unit Three  The Sentence: Coordination and Subordination

Presentation & Practice 42

1  Coordination 42

2  Subordination 49

Guided Writing 58

Writing Tips 60

Writing Samples 61

Unit Four  The Sentence: Sentence Variety

Presentation & Practice 64

1  Infinitive 64

2  Present Participles 66

3  Past Participles 67

4  Prepositional Phrases 68

5  Adverbs 70

6  Appositives 71

7  Other Patterns That Add Variety to Writing 72

Guided Writing 75

Writing Tips 77

Writing Samples 78

Unit Five  The Paragraph: Types of Paragraphs

Presentation & Practice 80

1  Opening Paragraphs 80

2  Supporting Paragraphs 83

3  Concluding Paragraphs 84

4  Transitional Paragraphs 86

Guided Writing 92

Writing Tips 93

Writing Samples 95

Unit Six  The Paragraph: Parts of Paragraph

Presentation & Practice 96

1  Topic Sentence 96

2  Supporting Sentences 104

3  Concluding Sentences 110

Guided Writing 114

Writing Tips 115

Writing Samples 117

Unit Seven  The Paragraph: Effective Paragraphs

Presentation & Practice 119

1  Unity 119

2  Coherence 122

3  Transition 127

Guided Writing 132

Writing Tips 134

Writing Samples 135

Unit Eight  The Paragraph: Ways of Developing Paragraphs

Presentation & Practice 137

1  Illustration 137

2  Comparison and Contrast 140

3  Cause and Effect 144

4  Definition 147

5  Classification or Division 150

Guided Writing 153

Writing Tips 155

Writing Samples 156

Unit Nine  The Whole Composition: Descriptive Writing

Presentation & Practice 158

1  Appealing to the Senses 158

2  Selecting Details 161

3  Organizing a Description 164

Guided Writing 170

Writing Tips 172

Writing Samples 173

Unit Ten  The Whole Composition: Narrative Writing

Presentation & Practice 175

1  Follow a Chronological Order 175

2  Establish a Point of View 178

3  Select Key Events 180

4  Use Details 182

5  Use Description in Narration 183

Guided Writing 188

Writing Tips 189

Writing Samples 190

Unit Eleven  Diction: Choice and Use of Words

Presentation & Practice 193

1  Levels of Words 193

2  The Meaning of Words 199

3  General and Specific Words 200

    4  Idioms, Clich¨¦, and Wordiness 202

Guided Writing 206

Writing Tips 208

Writing Samples 209

Unit Twelve  Diction: Figures of Speech

Presentation & Practice 211

1  Simile, Metaphor, Analogy, Personification 211

2  Metonymy, Synecdoche, Euphemism, Alliteration 215

3  Irony, Pun, Hyperbole, Litotes, Transferred Epithet 219

Guided Writing 223

Writing Tips 225

Writing Samples 226

Key to Exercises 228