Contents
Chapter 1 Aqueous Colloidal Injection Molding of Ceramics Based
on Gelation 1
1.1 Colloidal Injection Molding 2
1.1.1 The Concept of CIMC 2
1.1.2 The Flowchart of CIMC 3
1.1.3 The Machine of CIMC 4
1.2 Pressure Induced Forming 6
1.2.1 Effect of Hydrostatic Pressure on Solidification 6
1.2.2 Homogeneity of the Green Bodies 6
1.2.3 Controlling the Inner Stress in the Green Body 7
1.3 Storage Stability of Ceramic Slurries 9
1.3.1 The Importance of Storage Stability of Slurry 9
1.3.2 Chemical Stability 9
1.3.3 Inhibitor for Slurry Storage 11
1.4 To Prepare High Reliability Ceramic Parts with Complex
Shapes: Aqueous Colloidal Injection Molding 12
References 14
Chapter 2 Gel-Tape-Casting of Ceramic Substrates 16
2.1 Fundamental Principle and Processing of Aqueous
Gel-Tape-Casting 18
2.1.1 Tape Casting Types and the Raw Materials 18
2.1.2 Polymerization of the Monomer 22
2.1.3 Influence Factors on Polymerization of the Monomer 30
2.1.4 Processing of the Gel-Tape-Casting 36
2.2 The Characteristics of Slurries Used for Aqueous
Gel-Tape-Casting 39
2.2.1 The Properties of the Aqueous Ceramic Slurries with
Binder 39
2.2.2 The Influence of Dispersants on Stability and Rheology
of Aqueous Ceramic Slurries with Organic Monomer 44
2.2.3 The Influence of Plasticizer on Properties of Aqueous
Ceramic Slurry with Organic Monomer 47
2.2.4 The Influence of pH on the Properties of Slurries with
Organic Monomer 49
2.2.5 The Effect of Surfactant on Wetting and Green Tape
Releasing (Separating) 49
2.2.6 Foam and Pore Elimination 50
2.2.7 Sintering of Green Tape Prepared by Slurry 52
2.3 Aqueous Gel-Tape-Casting with Styrene-Acrylic Latex Binder 53
2.3.1 The Importance of Binders in Gel-Tape-Casting Process 53
2.3.2 The Forming Film Mechanism of Latex Binder 55
2.3.3 Rheological Properties of the Alumina Slurries with Binder 57
2.3.4 The Physical Properties and Microstructure of
Green Tapes with Latex Binder 57
2.4 A Gel-Tape-Casting Process Based on Gelation of Sodium Alginate 59
2.4.1 Why Study on Tape Casting of Sodium Alginate 59
2.4.2 The Preparation of Aqueous Alumina Suspensions with
Sodium Alginate and Calcium Phosphere Tribasic 61
2.4.3 Control of the Gelation of Sodium Alginate 63
2.4.4 Characterization of Green Tapes 64
2.5 The Spray Trigger Fast-Curing for the Gel-Tape-Casting Process 66
2.5.1 The Idea of the Spray Trigger Fast-Curing 66
2.5.2 Outline of the New Process 66
2.6 The Features and Prospects of the Aqueous Tape-Casting 68
References 70
Chapter 3 Gelation Forming Process for Low Toxicity System 74
3.1 Gelation Forming of Ceramic Suspension with Agarose 75
3.1.1 Characteristics of Agarose 75
3.1.2 The Effect of Agarose Contents on the Rheology of
Aqueous Ceramic Suspensions 77
3.1.3 The Forming Courses of the Aqueous Ceramic Suspensions
with Agarose 79
3.2 Alumina Casting Based on Gelation of Gelatine 83
3.2.1 Characteristics of Gelatine 83
3.2.2 The Gelation Process of the Ceramic Slurry with
Gelatine Solution 86
3.2.3 The Preparation of Green Body Using Slurry with
Gelatine Solution 88
3.3 A Casting Forming for Ceramics by Gelatine and
Enzyme Catalysis 90
3.3.1 Research Background 90
3.3.2 The Gelation Mechanism of Gelatine Solution with
Urea under Enzyme Catalysis 91
3.3.3 The Rheology and Zeta Potential of Alumina Suspension
Containing Gelatine and Urea 93
3.3.4 The Coagulation Forming and Microstructure of
Green Body 95
3.4 The Alumina Forming Based on Gelation of Sodium Alginate 96
3.4.1 Research Background 96
3.4.2 The Gelation Principle of Sodium Alginate 97
3.4.3 The Preparation Process of Alumina Green Bodies and
Samples by Sodium Alginate 100
3.5 The Gel-Casting of SiC Based on Gelation of Sodium Alginate 103
3.5.1 Introduction of the Research 103
3.5.2 The Effect of Dispersant on the Colloidal Behaviors
of the SiC Suspension 104
3.5.3 The Rheological Property of SiC Suspension 105
3.5.4 The Sedimentation Behavior of the SiC Suspension 107
3.5.5 The Gelation Principle and Process of the
Alginate Solution 108
3.5.6 The Gelation of the SiC Suspension with Alginate 108
3.6 The Alumina Gel-Casting with a Low-Toxicity System of HEMA 111
3.6.1 The Academic Idea and Research Program 111
3.6.2 The Colloidal Chemistry and Rheological Property 111
3.6.3 The Binder Burnout and Application of the New System 113
3.7 The Synergistic Low-Toxicity Gel-Casting System by
Using HEMA and PVP 115
3.7.1 The Academic Idea and Research Program 115
3.7.2 Zeta Potentials and Rheological Properties 116
3.7.3 The Activation Energy and Solidification 120
3.7.4 The Green Strengths and Microstructures 121
3.7.5 The Exfoliation Elimination Effect and Analysis of the
Interaction between PVP and HEMA Molecules 123
References 125
Chapter 4 Generation, Development, Inheritance, and Control of the Defects
during the Transformation from Suspension to Green Body 129
4.1 The Rheological Behaviors of Aqueous Ceramic Suspensions 131
4.1.1 The Rheological Behaviors of Aqueous Alumina
Suspensions 132
4.1.2 The Effect of Rheological Properties of Suspension on
Mechanical Strength of Ceramics 135
4.1.3 The Effect of Solid Loading on Colloidal Forming 142
4.2 The Generation and Development of Defects 147
4.2.1 The Generation Mechanisms of Agglomerations in Ceramic
Suspensions 147
4.2.2 The Influences of Idle Time on Microstructures and
Mechanical Properties of Green Bodies by Direct
Coagulation Casting 154
4.3 The Effect of Ionic Conductance on Preparation of
Highly Concentrated Suspension 163
4.3.1 The Academic Idea and Research Program 163
4.3.2 The Relationship Between Ion Conductivity Constants
and Solid Loading 165
4.4 Control of Inner Stress in Green Body 170
4.4.1 Origin, Transformation and Control of Inner Stress in
Green Body 170
4.4.2 The Release and Control of Inner Stresses in Ceramic
Green Body 175
4.5 The Suppression of Surface-Exfoliation with the Addition of
Organic Agents 183
4.5.1 The Suppression of Surface-Exfoliation by Introducing
PAM into Monomer System in Suspension 183
4.5.2 The Suppression of Surface-Exfoliation by Introducing
Polyethylene Glycol into Monomer System
in Suspension 190
4.5.3 The Suppression of Surface-Exfoliation by Introducing
Poly-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) into Monomer System
in Suspension 198
References 207
Chapter 5 The Gel-Casting of Non-Oxide Ceramics 211
5.1 The Effects of Powder Surface Modification on Concentrated
Suspensions Properties of Si3N4 212
5.1.1 The Contributing Factor and Elimination of Macropores
in Si3N4 Green Bodies 212
5.1.2 The Effect of Foreign Ions on Concentrated Suspension
of Si3N4 217
5.1.3 The Effect of Acid Cleaning and Calcinations
on the Suspension Properties of Si3N4 223
5.1.4 The Effect of Liquid Medium and Surface Group on
Dispersibility of Si3N4 Powder 232
5.2 The Gel-Casting of Si3N4 Ceramics 238
5.2.1 The Preparation of Si3N4 Ceramics with
Surface-Coated Si3N4 Powder 238
5.2.2 The Preparation of Si3N4 Ceramics with Surface-Oxidized
Si3N4 Powder 248
5.2.3 The Preparation of Si3N4 Ceramics with Combination
Processing 253
5.3 The Gel-Casting of SiC Ceramic and Si3N4 Bonded SiC Ceramic 262
5.3.1 The Gel-Casting of Concentrated Aqueous SiC Ceramic 262
5.3.2 The Gel-Casting of Aqueous Slurry with Si3N4 Bonded SiC 268
References 279
Chapter 6 Application of New Colloidal Forming 283
6.1 Ceramic Microbeads 283
6.1.1 The Forming Principle of Ceramic Microbeads
Based on Gel-Casting 283
6.1.2 The Processing of Microbeads 286
6.1.3 The Properties of Ceramic Microbeads 287
6.2 Improving the Breakdown Strength of Rutile Capacitor 298
6.2.1 The Influence of Sintering Additives on the Flow Behavior 299
6.2.2 The Calcining of the Rutile Mixture 301
6.2.3 The Rheological Behavior of the Calcined Rutile Mixture 303
6.2.4 The Gel-Casting of the Calcined Rutile Mixture 304
6.3 The Thin-Wall Rutile Tube for Ozone Generator with
High Dielectric Constant 306
6.3.1 The Experiment Results 306
6.4 The Refractory Nozzle of Zirconia 309
6.4.1 The Rehological Behaviors of ZrO2 Suspensions with
Different Dispersants 310
6.4.2 The Sediment Stability of ZrO2 Suspension with
Different Dispersants 312
6.4.3 The Preparation of ZrO2 Refractory Nozzles 313
6.5 Water Based Gel-Casting of PZT 314
6.5.1 The Colloidal Chemistry and Rheological Behavior 316
6.5.2 The Microstructure and Properties 319
References 323
Chapter 7 The New Methods and Techniques Based on Gel-Casting 325
7.1 Development Overview and Application of SFF 327
7.1.1 Development Overview of SFF 327
7.1.2 Application of SFF 328
7.2 Development Overview and Application of Freeze-Gel-Casting 336
7.2.1 The Combination of Gel-Casting and Freeze-Casting
Technique 336
7.2.2 Fabrication of Ceramics with Special Porous Structures 338
7.2.3 The Microstructure and Properties of Porous Alumina
Ceramics 343
7.2.4 The Mechanical Properties and Applications of Alumina
Ceramics with Ultra Low Density 350
7.3 The Solidification of Concentrated Si3N4 Suspensions for
Gelcasting by Ultrasonic Effects 352
7.3.1 Gelcasting by Ultrasonic Effects 352
7.3.2 The Preparation of Concentrated Si3N4 Suspensions 354
7.3.3 The Ultrasonic Accelerated Solidification 355
7.3.4 The Comparison between Thermal and Ultrasonic
Activated Solidifications 358
7.4 Novel Laser Machining Technology for Al2O3 Green Ceramic 360
7.4.1 Laser Machining Technology 360
7.4.2 Practical Application of Laser Machining Technology 361
References 368
Appendix 1?The Testing and Analyzing Methods Used in
Authors' Research 371
Appendix 2?The Raw Materials Used in Authors' Research 372
Index of Terms 373
Index of Scholars 377
Postscript 384
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