Preface ix
electric Flux Density, Gauss's LaW,
GuidedTour xiii Electric Flux Density, Gauss's LaW,
and Divergence 51
3.1 Electric Flux Density sl
3.2 Gauss'sLaw 55'
y6ctor AnalySis 1 3.3 Application of Gauss's Law' Some
1.1 Scalars and Vectors I Symmetrical Charge Distributions 59
1.2 Vector Algebra 2 3.4 Application of Gauss's Law4 Differential
1.3 The Rectangular Coordinate System 4 Volume Element 64
1.4 Vector Components and Unit Vectors 5 3.5 Divergence 67
1.5 The Vector Field 8 3.6 Maxwell's First Equation (Electrostatics) 70
1.6 The Dot Product 9 3.7 The Vector Operator V and the DiVergence
Theorem 72
1.7 The Cross Product 12 rheorem 72
References 75
1.8 Other Coordinate Systems' Circular References 75
Cylindrical Coordinates 14 Chapter 3 Problems 76
1.9 The Spherical Coordinate System 19
References 22
Chapter 1 Problems 23 Enerqy and Potential 80
4.1 Energy Expended in Moving a Point Charge in
an Ei..tri. Field sl
Coulombls LaW and Electric 4.2 The Line integral 82
Field Intensity 26 4.3 Definition of potential Difference and
2.1 The Experimental Law of Coulomb 27 Potential 87
2.2 Electric Field intensity 30 4.4 The Potential Field of a Point Charge 89
2.3 Field Due to a Continuous Volume Charge 4'5 The Potential Field of a System of Charges f
Distribution 34 ConservatiVeproperty gi
2.4 Field of a Line Charge 37 4.6 Potential Gradient 95
2.5 Field of a Sheet of Chaxge 43 4.7 The Dipole 101
2.6 Streamlines and Sketches of Fields 45 4.8 Energy Density in the Electrostatic Field 106
References 48 References 110
Chapter 2 Problems 48 Chapter 4 Problems 1 10
v
yi Contents
7.6 Solving Laplace's Equation Through
,
Current and ConductorS 114 Numerical iteration 196
References 202
5.1 Current and Current Density 114 Chapter 7 Problems 203
5.2 Continuity of Current 116
5.3 Metallic Conductors 1 18
5.4 Conductor Properties and Boundary
Conditions 123 The Steady Magnetic Field 210
5.5 The Method of images 128 8.1 Blot-SavartLaw 210
5.6 Semiconductors 130 8.2 Ampere's Circuital Law 218
References 132 8.3 Curl 225
Chapter 5 Problems 132 8.4 Stokes' Theorem 232
8.5 Magnetic Flux and Magnetic Flux
Density 237
Dielectrics and Capacitance 136 8.6 The Scalar and Vector Magnetic
Potentials 240
6.1 The Natllre of Dielectfic Materials 137 o 7 DeriVation of the Steady-Magnetic-Field
8.7 DeriVation of the Steady-Magnetic-Field
6.2 Boundary Conditions for Perfect Laws 247
Dielectric Materials 143 References 253
6.3 Capacitance 149 Chapter & Problems 253
6.4 Several Capacitance Examples 152
6.5 Capacitance of a Two-Wire Line 155
6.6 Using Field Sketches to Estimate Capacitance
in Two-Dimensional Problems 160 Maqnetic Forces, Materials,
6.7 CurrentAnalogies 165 and Inductance 259
References 167 9.1 Force on a Moving Charge 260
Chapter 6 Problems 167 9.2 Force on a Differential Current Element 261
9.3 Force Between Differential Curreflt
Elements 265
Poissonls and Laplace's 9'4 Force and Torque on a Closed Circuit 267
Equations 172 9.5 The Nature of Magnetic Materials 273
9.6 Magnetization and Permeability 276
7.1 DeriVation ofpoisson's and Laplace's J
Equations 173 9.7 Magnetic Boundary Conditions 281
7.2 Uniqueness Theorem 175 9.8 The Magnetic Circuit 284
7.3 Examples of the Solution of Laplace's 9'9 Potential Energy and Forces on Magnetic
Equation 177 Materials 290
7.4 Example of the Solution of Poisson's 9'10 Inductance and Mutual inductance 292
Equation 184 References 299
7.5 Product Solution of Laplace's Equation 188 Chapter 9 Problems 299
Contents vii
Chapter 13 Problems 412
Time-V8rving Fields and Maxwellls
Equations 306
Guided Waves and Radiation 416
10.1 Faraday's Law 306
10.2 Displacement Current 313 14.1 Transmission Line Fields and Primary
Constants 417
10.3 Maxwell's Equations in Point Form 317
,4.2 Basic WaVeguide Operation 426
10.4 Maxwell's Equations in integral FOrm 319 14.2 Basic WaVeguide Operation 426
, 4.3 Plane Wave Analysis of the Parallel-Plate
10.5 The Retarded Potentials 321 14.3 Plane Wave Analysis of the Parallel-Plate
WaVeguide 430
References 325
14.4 Parallel-Plate Guide Analysis Using
Chapter 10 Problems 325' the WaVe Equation 439
14.5 RectangularWaVeguides 442
,4.6 Planar Dielectric WaVeguides 447
The Uniform Plane Wave 332 14'6 PlanarDielectricWaVeguides 447
14.7 OpticalFiber 453
12.1 WaVe Propagation in Free Space 332 14.8 Basic Antenna Principles 463
12.2 WaVe Propagation in Dielectrics 340' References 473
12.3 Poynting's Theorem and Wave Power 349 Chapter 14 Problems 473
12.4 Propagation in Good Conductors' Skin
Ef feet 352
12.5 WaVepolarization 359 Vector Analysis 478
References 366
Chapter 12 Problems 366 A.1 General Curvilinear Coordinates 478
A.2 Divergence, Gradient, and Curl in General
Curvilinear Coordinates 479
Plane Wgve Reflection A.3 Vector identities 481
and Dispersion 370
13.1 Reflection of Uniform Plane WaVes at Units 482
Normal incidence 370
13.2 Standing Wave Ratio 377
13.3 WaVe Reflection from Multiple Material Constants 487
Interfaces 381
13.4 Plane Wave Propagation in General
Directions 389 Oriqins of the Complex
13.5 Plane Wave Reflection at Oblique permittivity 490
Incidence Angles 392
13.6 Total Reflection and Total Transgression
of Obliquely incident WaVes 398
13.7 Wave Propagation in Dispersive Media 401
13.8 Pulse Broadening in Dispersive Media 407 Answers to Odd-Numbered
References 4if Problems 497