目 录
第 1章 光线与色彩
1
光线与色彩的关系.....................................................................2
色彩的分类...........................................................................3
曝光的三个要素.......................................................................4
ISO..............................................................................4
光圈 ............................................................................5
快门 ............................................................................7
相机的曝光模式.......................................................................9
光圈优先模式 ....................................................................9
快门优先模式 ...................................................................10
手动曝光模式 ...................................................................11
自动曝光模式 ...................................................................12
互易律..............................................................................13
曝光量的互易律 .................................................................13
互易律的失效 ...................................................................13
解决互易律失效现象 .............................................................14
处理色温............................................................................14
光色与温度 .....................................................................14
自然光的色温 ...................................................................15
人造光的色温 ...................................................................15
色偏 ...........................................................................16
设置数码白平衡......................................................................16
白平衡如何影响色温 .............................................................16
数码相机白平衡模式 .............................................................17
RAW 与 JPEG.......................................................................19
RAW 图像格式 ..................................................................19
JPEG 图像格式..................................................................20
在计算机中校正偏色照片..............................................................21
使用 RAW Image Task 处理 RAW 格式数码照片 .....................................21
用光影魔术手软件校正偏色照片 ...................................................22
III
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目录
IV
第 3 章 使用室外自然光
自然光的三种形态 ....................................................................40
直射的阳光 .....................................................................40
39
第 2 章 摄影器材与照明
选择一款合适的数码相机 ..............................................................26
单反数码相机 ...................................................................26
卡片数码相机 ...................................................................26
长焦数码相机 ...................................................................27
消费数码相机 ...................................................................27
相机上的闪光灯 ......................................................................28
选择一款便携式闪光灯 ................................................................29
外置闪光灯的优势 ...............................................................29
外置闪光灯的注意要点 ...........................................................29
数码相机的测光系统 ..................................................................30
点测光（SPOT） ................................................................31
中央重点平均测光（中央平均测光） ...............................................31
中央部分测光（局部测光） .......................................................32
评价测光（分割测光） ...........................................................32
摄影室照明与辅助器材 ................................................................33
影室闪光灯 .....................................................................33
三脚架 .........................................................................34
独脚架 .........................................................................35
快门线 .........................................................................35
反光板 .........................................................................36
遮光罩 .........................................................................37
25
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目 录
V
第 4 章 使用室内光线
处理门窗光线 ........................................................................60
窗户光线的光质 .................................................................60
室内直射光 .....................................................................60
室内散射光 .....................................................................62
室内自然光的拍摄 ....................................................................63
室内补光拍摄 ........................................................................64
认识人造光 ..........................................................................65
聚光灯 .........................................................................65
泛光灯 .........................................................................65
伞灯 ...........................................................................66
柔光灯 .........................................................................66
闪光灯的使用 ........................................................................66
闪光灯的光线 ...................................................................66
59
散射的天空光 ...................................................................41
环境反射光 .....................................................................42
处理光线方向 ........................................................................43
改变自然光线的光质 ..................................................................48
改变自然光线的色温 ..................................................................48
日出和日落 ..........................................................................49
光线的黄金时间 .................................................................49
日出前的光线 ..................................................................52
日落后的光线 ..................................................................53
日落和云彩 ....................................................................54
利用云多的天气拍摄照片 ..............................................................55
利用云彩营造不同的意境 .........................................................56
云彩的艺术效果 .................................................................57
给天空带来生趣 .................................................................58
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目录
VI
使用闪光灯的注意事项 ...........................................................68
营造不同的影调 ......................................................................71
摄影的高调处理手法 .............................................................72
摄影的低调处理手法 .............................................................73
第 5 章 人像摄影
室外人像摄影 ........................................................................76
选择合适的时间、地点 ...........................................................76
选用外景布光器材 ...............................................................76
找准最佳光线 ........................................................................76
人像摄影的光位选择 .............................................................77
不同天气下拍摄人像 .............................................................79
不同时间段拍摄人像 .............................................................80
营造更好的光线效果 ..................................................................83
运用眼神光 .....................................................................83
巧用头发光 .....................................................................83
阴影的使用 .....................................................................83
反射填充光 .....................................................................85
用填充闪光灯平衡太阳光 .........................................................85
室内人像摄影布光 ....................................................................86
双灯布光法 .....................................................................86
三灯布光法 .....................................................................89
四灯布光法 .....................................................................93
多灯布光法 .....................................................................94
抓拍时的光线选择 ....................................................................95
抓拍技巧 .......................................................................95
抓拍小孩 .......................................................................96
抓拍老人 .......................................................................97
拍摄合影 ............................................................................97
75
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目 录
VII
99
轻装上路带些什么 ...................................................................118
旅游摄影器材准备 ..............................................................118
闪光灯和小型反光板 ............................................................119
电池和电源 ....................................................................120
存储卡和随时备份 ..............................................................121
考虑天气情况 .......................................................................121
拍摄街道 ...........................................................................123
抓拍 ..........................................................................124
拍摄光线的选择 ................................................................124
捕捉一个地方的灵魂 ...........................................................125
拍摄农村风光 .......................................................................127
拍摄建筑物 .........................................................................129
拍摄角度的选择 ................................................................130
第 7 章 背上相机去旅行
117
第 6 章 在风景摄影中运用光线
光线与时节变化对景物的影响 .........................................................100
光线变化对景物的影响 ..........................................................100
选择不同时节拍摄景物 ..........................................................106
留心周围的苍劲身影 .................................................................107
夏日的那一抹清凉 ...................................................................109
选择与众不同的时间 ............................................................109
采用非常的角度拍摄 ............................................................110
运用金黄色调营造秋天气氛 ...........................................................111
寻觅那一曲冬日恋歌 .................................................................112
增加曝光量突出雪面质感 ........................................................113
注入景物投影增强雪面变化 ......................................................114
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目录
VIII
拍摄光线的选择 ................................................................131
拍摄自然风光 .......................................................................133
只缘身在此山中 ................................................................133
飞流直下三千尺 ................................................................135
最好的朋友——三脚架 ...............................................................154
数码相机的噪点 .....................................................................155
产生噪点的原因 ................................................................155
第 9 章 夜晚和弱光下的摄影技巧
第 8 章 静物和微距摄影
记录生活的点点滴滴 .................................................................140
花的微距拍摄 ..................................................................140
昆虫的微距拍摄 ................................................................141
光线的设计原则 .....................................................................142
使用光线营造意境 ..............................................................142
直射阳光与阴影 ................................................................145
处理自然光 ....................................................................146
控制曝光补偿的时间 ............................................................147
静物摄影和微距摄影的照明技巧 .......................................................148
处理景深 ......................................................................148
为微距摄影制造光线 ............................................................150
使用微距模式 ..................................................................151
最大限度地减少抖动 .................................................................151
让拍摄对象静止 ................................................................151
固定相机 ......................................................................152
139
153
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目 录
IX
怎样拍好夜景 ..................................................................156
夜景摄影中滤镜的运用 ...............................................................157
星光镜 ........................................................................157
柔光镜 ........................................................................157
彩虹镜 ........................................................................157
超速镜 ........................................................................158
偏光镜 ........................................................................158
渐变镜 ........................................................................159
黄昏摄影 ...........................................................................160
抓住地平线 ....................................................................160
在晚霞中拍摄 ..................................................................161
拍摄日落及剪影 ................................................................161
夜景拍摄 ...........................................................................162
对夜景进行测光 ................................................................162
夜间摄影的曝光问题 ............................................................163
焰火拍摄 ...........................................................................164
焰火拍摄的准备工作 ............................................................164
对焰火的准确曝光 ..............................................................165
在月光下拍摄 .......................................................................167
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