Contents
Introduction
Understanding Culture and Cultural Differences¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1
1. Defining ¡°Culture¡±¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2
2."Cultural Orientations"and Three Influential Analytical Models¡¡¡¡3
3.The Six-Dimensional Model (6-D Model)¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5
4.Understanding Culture and Cultural Orientations Critically¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡8
Unit 1
Chinese Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡11
1. China: Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡12
2. Chinese Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡18
3. Chinese Business Practices and Etiquette ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡21
4.Tips: Preparing for the First Business Trip Abroad¡25
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡27
6.A Mini Business Project ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡29
Unit 2
Indian Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡33
1.India: Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡34
2.Indian Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡37
3. Indian Business Practices and Etiquette¡39
4. Tips: Making a Good First Impression¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡43
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡45
6.A Mini Business Project ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡47
Unit 3
Japanese Culture, Customs,and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡51
1.Japan:Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡52
2. Japanese Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡56
3. Japanese Business Practices and Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡58
4. Tips: Writing an Effective Resume¡61
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡63
6.A Mini Business Project ¡66
Unit 4
Filipino Culture, Customs,and Business Etiquette¡69
1. The Philippines: Overview¡70
2. Filipino Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡74
3. Filipino Business Practices and Etiquette¡¡75
4.Tips:Greeting People Properly¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡80
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡82
6. A Mini Business Project¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡84
Unit 5
Thai Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡87
1. Thailand: Overview¡8
2. Thai Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡92
3. Thai Business Practices and Etiquette¡93
4. Tips: Making Business Phone Calls ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡9
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10
6.A Mini Business Project ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡102
Unit 6
American Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡105
1.America: Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡106
2. American Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡109
3.American Business Practices and Etiquette¡11
4. Tips: Writing a Professional E-mail¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡115
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡117
6.A Mini Business Project¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡120
Unit 7
Canadian Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡123
1.Canada: Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡124
2.Canadian Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡127
3. Canadian Business Practices and Etiquette¡¡129
4. Tips: Organizing Social Events¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡133
5. Exercises¡136
6.A Mini Business Project ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡138
Unit 8
English Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡141
1. England: Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡142
2. English Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡146
3. English Business Practices and Etiquette¡147
4. Tips: Inviting Business Associates ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡150
5. Exercises¡152
6.A Mini Business Project¡¡155
Unit 9
French Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette ¡157
1. France: Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡158
2. French Cultural Orientations¡161
3.French Business Practices and Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡163
4. Tips: Conducting Successful Business Negotiations¡166
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡168
6.A Mini Business Project ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡170
Unit 10
German Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡173
1.Germany: Overview¡174
2.German Cultural Orientations ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡178
3.German Business Practices and Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡180
4. Tips; Observing Proper Table Manners ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡184
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡186
6.A Mini Business Project ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡189
Unit 11
Russian Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡191
1.Russia: Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡192
2. Russian Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡196
3. Russian Business Practices and Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡198
4.Tips: Giving Gifts Appropriately¡201
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡203
6.A Mini Business Project¡205
Unit 12
Australian Culture, Customs,and Business Etiquette¡¡209
1.Australia: Overview¡210
2.Australian Cultural Orientations¡213
3. Australian Business Practices and Etiquette ¡214
4. Tips: Preparing Your Business Attire¡218
5.Exercises¡220
6.A Mini Business Project ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡223
Unit 13
New Zealand Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡225
1.New Zealand: Overview¡¡¡¡¡226
2. New Zealand Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡230
3.New Zealand Business Practices and Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡231
4. Tips: Gestures and Body Language¡234
5. Exercises¡236
6. A Mini Business Project ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡238
Unit 14
Brazilian Culture, Customs, and Business Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡241
1.Brazil: Overview¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡242
2.Brazilian Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡245
3.Brazilian Business Practice and Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡247
4.Tips: Giving Thanks and Making Apologies¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡251
5. Exercises¡253
6.A Mini Business Project¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡256
Unit 15
South African Culture, Customs,and Business Etiquette¡259
1. South Africa: Overview¡26o
2. South African Cultural Orientations¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡264
3. South African Business Practices and Etiquette¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡266
4. Tips: Exchanging Business Cards¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡269
5. Exercises¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡270
6. A Mini Business Project ¡273
