摘要
随着中美战略竞争加剧，美国不断扩大对中国信息通信、航空航天、智能制造等高新科技产业的限制和封锁，使中国深刻意识到自主创新的重要性。在这场没有硝烟的战争中，科技创新成为我国高质量发展并在国际竞争中赢得主动的关键。打好关键核心技术攻坚战，建立协同高效的国家创新体系，对于当今的中国可谓迫在眉睫。新时代背景下，企业、高校和科研机构之间形成资源共享、优势互补的产学研一体化协同创新机制，成为提高国家科技创新能力的应有之义。2020年，习近平总书记在给科技工作者代表的回信中强调： “希望全国科技工作者弘扬优良传统，坚定创新自信，着力攻克关键核心技术，促进产学研深度融合，勇于攀登科技高峰，为把我国建设成为世界科技强国作出新的更大的贡献。”习近平回信勉励全国广大科技工作者新华网http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/leaders/202005/29/c_1126049503.htm.这既为我国创新发展指明了方向，也对我国产学研协同创新提出了要求。因此，厘清新时代产学研协同创新的发展现状，研究新时代产学研协同创新的运行模式，提出具有全局性、前瞻性及可操作性的政策建议，对我国构建产学研协同创新的新发展格局具有重要的实践意义。同时，本书还拓展了新时代产学研协同创新的相关理论，对提高产学研协同创新绩效、实现经济高质量发展，具有一定的理论价值。
本书首先结合时代背景，指出新时代产学研协同创新的研究意义，梳理产学研协同创新的现有研究和相关理论，从影响因素、运行模式和动力来源等方面进行文献综述。其次，回顾我国产学研协同创新的发展历程，根据产学研演变规律和统计数据，分析新时代我国产学研协同创新的发展现状、时代要求和未来趋势。再次，分析新时代产学研协同创新的动力与阻力，基于演化博弈模型对政府创新补贴行为进行检验，总结国内外产学研协同创新的运行模式，并对同方威视的产学研协同创新模式进行案例分析。最后，得出研究结论并提出政策建议。本书研究认为，产学研协同创新是新时代推动我国经济社会发展的重要法宝，产学研协同创新机制是各创新主体相互作用的结果。在产学研协同创新过程中，学研机构是重要节点，企业是重要参与者，政府也发挥着不可替代的作用，而“闭环模型”提高了产学研协同创新的成果转化率。因此，新时代产学研协同创新发展需要打造产学研协同创新平台助力国家科技研发与成果转化，加强关键核心技术协同攻关全力突破“卡脖子”难题，营造良好的创新生态环境降低企业附加成本，完善政策体系为协同创新提供制度保障，提升科技中介服务水平为协同创新提供外部支撑，从而更好地服务国家建设科技强国的战略目标。
关键词： 新时代； 产学研； 协同创新； 演化博弈
As strategic competition between China and the United States intensifies,the United States continues to increase blockade and restrictions on Chinas hightech industries such as information and communication,aerospace,and intelligent manufacturing. This has made China deeply aware of the importance of independent innovation. In this nonphysical battlefield,scientific and technological innovation has become the key to our countrys highquality development and actively winning international competition. Therefore,it is urgent for China to focus on breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields,establish a coordinated and efficient national innovation system. In the new era,the formation of a collaborative innovation mechanism of resource sharing and complementary advantages among enterprises,universities and research institutions has become the due meaning of improving the ability of scientific and technological innovation. In 2020,Chinese President Xi Jinping emphasized in his letter to the scientific and technological represents that he hopes the scientific and technological workers nationwide will carry forward the fine traditions,strengthen confidence in innovation,focus on tackling key core technologies,promote deep integration of industry,academia,and research,bravely scale the heights of science and technology,and make new and greater contributions to building China into a worldleading science and technology power. This not only points out the direction of Chinas innovative development，but also puts forward the requirements in the collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research in our country. Therefore,it is of great practical value to clarify the development status of collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research in the new era,systematically study the operating models of collaborative innovation in China,and provide comprehensive,forwardlooking,and actionable policy recommendations for the government to build a new development pattern between industry,academia,and research. At the same time,this research expands the theoretical study of collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research in the new era,and has certain theoretical value in improving the performance of collaborative innovation and achieving highquality economic development.
Firstly,this book points out the research significance of collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research in the new era,reviews existing research and relevant theories on collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research,and provides an overview of research achievements on influencing factors,operating models,and sources of motivation in collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research both domestically and internationally. Secondly,based on the evolution and development of industry,academia,and research collaboration,it examines the development process of collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research in China,analyzes the development status,times requirements and future trends of collaborative innovation in the new era according to the evolution law and statistical data. Furthermore,it summarizes the driving forces and obstacles of collaborative innovation in the new era,tests the governments innovation subsidy behavior based on an evolutionary game model,summarizes the operating models of collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research both domestically and internationally,and conducts a case analysis of the collaborative innovation model of Hikvision,a Chinese company. Finally,it concludes the research findings and provides corresponding policy recommendations. The research of this book concludes that collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research is an important tool for development in the new era,and the collaborative innovation mechanism is the result of interactions among various entities. In the process of collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research,universities serve as important nodes,enterprises are crucial participants,and the government plays a significant role. The “closedloop model” improves the conversion rate of collaborative innovation outcomes. Therefore,in order to promote the development of collaborative innovation between industry,academia,and research in the new era,it is necessary to create collaborative innovation platforms to support national scientific research and technology transfer,strengthen the collaborative research of key core technologies to break through the “bottleneck” problem,create a good innovation ecological environment to reduce the additional cost of innovation,improve the policy system to provide mechanism guarantee for collaborative innovation,improve the level of science and technology intermediary service to provide strong support for collaborative innovation,and then better serve the national strategic goal of building a scientific and technological powerhouse.
Keywords: the new era; industryuniversityresearch; collaborative innovation; evolutionary game
