PREfaCE
OUR APPROACH
Today's business environment is dynamic, turbulent, and global. Information
systems have moved from back-office t6chnologies understood by only a few to
pervasive, essential support technologies that touch all aspects of business and all players
in the game. As the role of information technology in business has changed, so have
the underlying t6chnologies and the manner in which systems are developed. Long
predict6d to be the next big thing, object orientation has finally arrived. The adoption
of object orientation has not resulted in the dramatic paradigm shift that also was
predicted for so long. Instead, we are witnessing the emergence of a hybrid approach
to systems and their development--an approach that encompasses some aspects of
traditional systems development and some aspects of object orientation. Although
this book focuses on object-oriented systems analysis and design and it adheres to
UML standards, it contains elements from other approaches, such as elements of
relational database system design, that remain a part of systems development in
business organizations today.
Among the four of us, we have more than 80 years of combined teaching
experience in systems analysis and design, including teaching database management and
object-oriented approaches. We have used that experience to create Object--Oriented
Systems Analysis and Design, Second Edition. As was true in the first edition, we
provide a clear presentation of the concepts, skills, and techniques students need to
become effective systems analysts who work with others to create information
systems for businesses. We continue to use a systems development cycle model as an
organizing tool throughout the book to provide students with a strong conceptual
and systematic framework. Internet coverage is provided in each chapter via an
nit6grated, extended illustrative case (Pine Valley WebStore) and an end-of-chapter case
(Broadway Entertainment Company, Inc.).
Many systems analysis and design courses involve lab work and outside
reading. This means that lecture time can be limited. Based on market research and our
own teaching experience, we understand the importance of using a book that
combines depth of coverage with brevity. We have created a 14-chapter book that covers
key object-oriented systems analysis and design (OOSAD) content without
overwhelming students with unnecessary detail. The book is a compromise between
briefer approaches to OOSAD and larger, more comprehensive volumes.
Object--Oriented Systems Analysis and Design, Second Edition is characterized by
the following themes:
1' Systems development is finnly rooted in an organizational context. The
successful systems analyst needs a broad understanding of organizations,
organizational culture, and operation.
2' Systems development is a practical field. Coverage of current practices as
well as accepted concepts and principles is essential in a textbook.
3' Systems development is a profession. Standards of practice, a sense of
continuing personal development, ethics, and a respect for and collaboration with
the work of others are general themes in the textbook. These principles are
constant, regardless of the t6chnical approach to development.
xI
4' Systems development has changed significantly with the explosive growth in
the adoption of object-oriented approaches to systems development. In many
.
.
orb~ations, traditional tools that sllPDort svst6ms develODment such as data
aaruzations, traditional tools that support systems development, such as data
flow diagrams, have been replaced with obiect-oriented tools such as use-case
diagrams, have been replaced with object-oriented tools such as use-case
dia1., 1.,,. n.,
grams, sequence diagrams, and analysis class diagrams. Pure relational database
.
',,, 1,.', 1.
management approaches have been reDlaced with obiect-relational approaches.
bement approaches have been replaced with object-relational approaches.
Our approach in this book focuses exclusively on diagrams and tecboques
associpproach in this book focuses exclusively on diagrams and tecboques
associ.
.,.. 1
~+o 1 T 'f k OOSAD.
at6d with OOSAD.
R R,,ccess in slrstems anallrsis and desiZrt rorr
>' Success in sVstems analysis and design requires not onlV skills in
methodoloystems analysis and design requires not only skills in
methodolo. t' t.'
gies and techniques but also in the management of time, resources, and risks.
Thus, learning systems analysis and design requires a thorough understanding
of the process as well as the techniques and deliverables of the profession. Our
.
1',..
~ k aam k. +, 1 1 L 1..
approach to process emphasizes a systems development cycle as an organizing
i proach to process emphasizes a systems development cycle as an organizing
..,,. 1
principle and the focus on development iterations prevalent in object-oriented
1. 1 1.
~' ITTC;s and design
analysis and design.
ysls and design.
Given these themes, this textbook emphasizes the following:
. A business rather than a technology perSDective.
by perspective.
~, .,. 1.
. foe role, responsibilities, and mindset of the systems analyst as well as the
sVs, responsibilities, and mindset of the systems analyst as well as the
systems project manager, rather than those of the programmer or business managed
project manager, rather than those of the programmer or business managed
~1.
. foe methods and principles of sVstems development rather than the specific
principles of systems development rather than the specific
tools or tool-related skills of the field.
NEW TO THE SECOND EDITION
1' UML 2 compliant: The text is now UML 2 compliant throughout. Coverage of
I
, T T'
each UML diagram has been improved. Adequate coverage of UML diagrams is
clam has been improved. Adequate coverage of UML diagrams is
... r...
lmDortant for prospective systems analysts. A recent studV shows that systems
portant for prospective systems analysts. A recent study shows that systems
developers routinely rely on these diagrams in their work (Lang, 2006). Almost
1 1
~11 O7 yi r 1,CO q' L nTvi. k'
all, 97 percent, use screen prototypes, with the proportions using other analysis
percent, use screen prototypes, with the proportions using other analysis
1 1.,.
~ac 1 1. 1 i
and design diagrams as follows: 95 percent use activity diagrams: 74 percent
hi[ diagrams as follows: 95 percent use activity diagrams; 74 percent
'.' 1.. 1.,. --
.use entitV relationshiD diagrams; 72 percent rely on use-case diagrams: 62
bern relationship diagrams; 72 percent rely on use-case diagrams; 62
per.
',,. 1 qri.
cent use class diagrams; and 50 percent use state diagrams. All of these diagram
crams; and 50 percent use state diagrams. All of these diagram
types are covered in the book.
y pos are covered in the book.
~. ..,,... T. n .1' 1 r.
2' Agile methodologies: While the first edition included limited coverage of
gile methodologies: While the first edition included limited coverage of
1
extreme programming, the text now contains much more extensive treadment of
.
. 1. 1 1 1.., 1.,'
~ .l *k 1 1.. l, 1 1 iap k F yi'
agile methodologies, including but not limited to extreme DroRramminR
.lie methodologies, including but not limited to extreme programming.
Coverage extends across several chanters, including Chapters 1, 5, and 14.
ge extends across several chapters, including Chapters 1, 5, and 14.
~, T
1 tTse cases: ChaD+
J' Use cases: Chapter 6 now featheres a more extensive treadment of use cases
, r 1. r
aam 1 C Jittovivi 1 Is of'
and of differing levels of DerSDective from which use cases can be written.
a levels of perspective from which use cases can be written.
4' OCL: The obiect constraint language (OCL) is introduced to express business
)ect constraint language (OCL) is introduced to express business
1.
rules in Chapter 9.
pier 9.
R p.ftems: In Chaleter 12 no++ 1 1
>' Patterns: In Chapter 12, patterns are used to convert sequence diagrams from
pier 12, patterns are used to convert sequence diagrams from
the analysis to the design stage.
ysls to the design stage.
6' BEC case: The Broadway Entertainment ComDanv case has been uDdated and
y Entertainment Company case has been updated and
., 1. 1. 1
lmDroved, both to be more current in business terms. and to feature more
proved, both to be more current, in business terms, and to feature more
1.
object-oriented systems analysis and design in the case.
ject-oriented systems analysis and design in the case.
WU D I E NCE
Obiect-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design is written with the assumDtion that
sin]ect-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design is written with the assumption that
students have taken an introductory course on comDuter systems and have experience
j puter systems and have experience
.....
writing Drograms in at least one DroZramminZ language, preferably an
objects programs in at least one programming language, preferably an
object.. n
xll Preface
oriented language. We review basic system DrinciDles for those students who have
auage. We review basic system principles for those students who have
not been exposed to the material on which systems development methods are
ybtems development methods are
based. We also assume that students have a solid background in computing literacy
and a general understandinZ of the core elements .fraobusi::ZudC=
o g of the core elements of a business, including basic
terms associated with the production, marketing, finance, and accounting functions.
'
O R GuN IZnTI O N
The overall organization of the book is the same as it was in the first edition. The
outsanlzation of the book is the same as it was in the first edition. The
outline of the book begins with basic foundational material and then follows a slrstems
dins with basic foundational material and then follows a systems
development .;f e5 =:
pment cycle, which allows for a logical progression of topics. This cycle is
7. Managerial focus--Throughout the book, the treadment of systems
development and implementation is always within the context of management of
change, conversion strategies, and organizational factors in systems acceptance.
8. Database approach--Unique approach to data using object-relational database
management systems (DBMSs) featuring Oracle10g.
9. Diagrams--The diagrams used throughout the text were developed using the
Rational Rose CASE tool, Microsoft'S Visio, and Microsoft's Project.
illustrative Fictional Cases
Pine Valley Furniture (PVF) This case is introduced in Chapter 4 and revisited
throughout the book. As key systems development cycle and object-oriented
concepts are presented, they are applied and illustrated with this case. A margin
icon identifies the location of the case. PVF is a furniture company, founded in 1980,
and management has decided to explore electronic commerce as an avenue to
increase its market share. A case problem related to PVF is included in the end-
ofchapter material for many of the chapters.
Broadway Ent~inment Company. Inc. (BEC) This fictional video rental
and music company is used as an extended case at the end of each chapter,
beginning with Chapter 2. Designed to bring the chapter concepts to life, this case
illustrates how a company initiates, plans, models, designs, and implements a
Webbased customer relationship management system using an object-oriented systems
development approach. Discussion questions are included to promote critical
thinking and class participation. Suggested solutions to the discussion questions are
provided in the instructor's Resource Manual located in the Faculty area of the
Website: htto:/ /www.prenhall.com/george.
End-of-Chapter Material
We have developed an extensive selection of end-of-chapter material designed to
accommodate various learning and teaching styles.
Key PointS Review This repeats the learning objectives that appear at the opening
of the chapter and summarizes the key points related to the objectives.
Key Terms Checkpoint This is designed as a self-test feature. StUdents match each
key term in the chapter with its definition.
Review Questions These questions test students' understanding of key concepts.
Problems and Exercises These problems and exercises test students' analytical
skills and require them to apply key concepts.
Discussion Questions These questions promote class participation and discussion.
Case Problems These problems require stUdents to apply the concepts of the chapter
to three fictional cases from various industries. The illustrative case from the book-
Pine Valley Fundttireds revisit6d. Other cases are from various fields such as
medicine, agriculttire, and technology. Solutions are provided in the instructor's Manual
located in the Faculty area of the Website: hap: / / www.prenhall. corn / george.
Margin Term Definitions Each of the key terms and their definitions appear in the
margins. A glossary of terms appears at the back of the book.
References Located at the end of the text, references organized by chapter list more
I
than 100 books and journals that can provide stUdents and faculty with additional
,oumals that can provide stUdents and faculty with additional
coverage of toDics.
6 pies.
qricVWnRE PACKAGING OPTIONS
OOFTWnRE PACKAGING OPTIONS
T y. .,,',
. Visible Analyst
yst
. Microsoft Visio
. Microsoft Protect
)
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g
To enhance the hands-on learning Drocess Prentice Hall offers the option to
a process, Prentice Hall offers the option to
,
package this text with a choice of Visible Analyst, Microsoft Visio, Microsoft Project,
or Oracle10g software. Your Prentice Hall sales representative can Drovide additional
o .oftware. Your Prentice Hall sales representative can provide additional
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information on pricing and ordering.
pricing and ordering.
I NSTRUCTOR'S RESOURCE CENTER
The instructor's Resource Center found on the catalog page is a password protected
Faculty site that contains instructor subtlements for download.
y bite that contains instructor supplements for download.
1' Powerpoint presentation slides feature lecture notes that highlirkt keg text terms
presentation slidesfeature lecture notes that highlight key text terms
and concocts.
pts.
, m' x'
2' The instrUctor's Resource Manual is secured in the password-protected Faculty area.
password-protected Faculty area.
It contains teaching suggestions and answers to all text review questions, problems,
s suggestions and answers to all text review questions, problems,
.' 1'
exercises, and case problems.
problems.
~ al m' T.'
Z TIp Test It6m File also is secured in the Facultl' aams i+ ic f
D' The Test It6m File also is secured in the Faculty area. It is available in MicrosoH Word,
H area. It is available in MicrosoP Word,
converted WebCT, and BlackBoard files.
J
4' An Image Library is provided in the Faculty area. ThiS is a collection of amures and
ge Library is provided in the Faculty area. ThiS is a collection offigures and
tables horn the text to enhance class lectures and Powerpoint slides.
j rom the text to enhance class lectures and Powerpoint slides.
AC KN OWLE DG M E NTS
The authors have been blessed by considerable assistance from many poODle on all
y considerable assistance from many people on all
. r
~ +Q aam *; C.k' I 1 1 'I 1' T4'
aspects of preparation of this text and its supplements. We are, of course, responsible
poets of preparation of this text and its supplements. We are, of course, responsible
for what eventually appears between the covers, but the insights, corrections,
contriy appears between the covers, but the insights, corrections,
contributions, and proddings of others have greatly improved our manuscript. The people
.
., 11 1
we recognize here all have a strong commitment to stridents to the iS field and to
anlze here all have a strong commitment to stridents, to the iS field, and to
, 1 al.
excellence. Their contributions have stimulated us and frequently rejuvenated us
i j rejuvenated us
during Deriods of waning enerZv for this protect.
g periods of waning energy for this project.
We would like to recognize the efforts of the many facultV and practicing
svsgnlze the efforts of the many faculty and practicing
systems analysts who served as reviewers for this book. We have tried to deal with each
j his who served as reviewers for this book. We have tried to deal with each
.
reviewer comment, and although we did not always agree with specific points
(within the approach we wanted to take with this book), all reviewers made us stop
,' 1., r, 1,
and think carefully about what and how we were writing The reviewers were:
j a. Ihe reviewers were:
orchard Alien, mchland Community College
y 5
Alien Corbett, University of South Carolina-Columbia
J
Terry Fox, Baylor UniversitV
j box, Baylor University
Marilvn Griffin, Virginia Polytechnic instittite
yn Griffin, Virginia Polytechnic instittite
Russ Hanna, Johnson County Community College
y y College
David James Howe, Augusta Technical College
Preface xv
Robert Josefek, University of Southern California, Marshall School of
j, idarshall School of
Business
Leonardo Legorreta, California State University-Sacramento
gorreta, California State University-Sacramento
Mary Beth Zak Lohse, Ohio State Umversity
y Beth Zak Lohse, Ohio State University
Trevor Moores, University of Nevada, Las Vegas
J, Las Vegas
Alan Graham Peace, West Virgima State University
Vladimir V. mabov, ivier College
Torn Sakaguchi Northern Kentucky UniversitV
8, 1 j y
Carl Scott, University of Houston
y of Houston
Eileen Sellers, MaryVille University
J y
Deborah Smith, University of Nevada-Las Vegas
J bas
Ron Sones, James Madison University
j
Tei Wei Wang FlU-UniversitV Part CamDus
g, FlU-University Part Campus
Heinz Weistroffer, VirgAna Commonwealth University
Connie Wells, Roosevelt University
y
Elaine Weltz, Seattle Pacific University
y
Robert Wrembel, Poznan University of Technology
y of Technology
H. R. Weistroffef, Virginia Commonwealth University
We have been formulate to work with a large number of creative and insightful
5 .fitful
,
people at Prentice Hall, who have added much to the development, format, and
production of this text. We have been thoroughly imDressed with their commitment to
.ifly impressed with their commitment to
.
this text and to the iS education market. These people include Robert Horan,
Executive Editor; Debbie Clare, Marketing Manager; Ana Jankowski, Assistant
editor; Denise Culhane, Production editor; [designer]; and Laura Cirigliano, Marketing
Assistant. We also want to thank Ann Imhof and the folks at Carlisle
Communications, Ltd., for their hard work in getting this book ready for production.
Thanks also go to our faculty colleagues Fred McFadden (University of
Colorados i gUes Fred McFadden (University of
ColoradoColorado Springs), Mary Prescott (University of Tampa), and Dean Joyce Elam
.
(Florida international University).
We extend a special note of thanks to Jeremy Alexander of Web-X.com. Jeremy
.
.'
was instrumental in conceptualizing and writing the Pine Valley WebStore feature
ptUalizing and writing the Pine Valley WebStore feature
that appears throughout the book. Jeremy also built the installation procedures on
'
.
the Website for Oracle, and Saonee Sarker of Washington State University developed
.
the Oracle editorial modules.
The writing of this text has involved thousands of hours of time from the authors
5
1 r 11 r.
~ac 1 f-ac 11' ac
and from all of the aforementioned people. Although our names will be visibly
asso.
..,.. 1
claied with this book, we know that much of the credit goes to the individuals and
...,.', 1 f
organizations listed here for any success this book might achieve. It is imDortant for
ganlzations listed here for any success this book might achieve. It is important for
.
the reader to recognize all the individuals and organizations that have been
commitsnlze all the individuals and organizations that have been
commitI
ted to the preparation and production of this book.
'
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Joey E George is professor and Thomas L. Williams JL Eminent Scholar in formation
Sxrst6ms in the College of Business at Florida State Universitir aam George earned his
ayst6ms in the CoheRe of Business at Florida State Universing Da GeorZe earned ins
yst6ms in the College of Business at Florida State University. Da George earned his
bachelor's degree at Stanford Universing in 1979 and his Ph.D. in manaZement at the
free at Stanford University in 1979 and his Ph.D. in management at the
Universing of Califonda at twine in 1986. He was Dreviouslv the Edward G. Schlieder
j previously the Edward G. Schlieder
Chair of information Svst6ms in the E. I. Ourso College of Business A~stration at
j items in the E. J. Ourso College of Business A~stration at
Louisiana State Universing He also served at Florida State University as chair of the
y. He also served at Florida State University as chair of the
Depa~nt of information and Management Sciences from 1995 to 1998.
l bement Sciences from 1995 to 1998.
Dr. George has published many articles in such iournals as information Systems
a published many articles in such journals as information Systems
Research, Communications of the ACe, us Quarterly, journal of MIS, and Communication
v the ACe us Quarterly, journal of MIS, and Communication
Research. His research interests focus on the use of thermation systems in the
workybtems in the
work,.,,..
place, including computer-based monitoring, comput6nmediat6d deceptive
communication, and group support systems.
. yi
xvi Preface
Da George, along with loseph Valacich and leffrev Hcffer is coauthor of the
texts, along with Joseph Valacich and Jeffrey Hcffer, is coauthor of the
textbooks Modern Systems Analysis and Design, fifth edition, published in 2007 by Prentice
totems Analysis and Design, fifth edition, published in 2007 by Prentice
Hall, and Essentials of Systems Analysis and Design, third edition, copyright 2006 by
.
Prentice Hall. He is also the editor of Commuters and Society: Privacy, Ethics, and the
puters and Society: Privacy, Ethics, and the
Internet, copyright 2004 by Prentice Hall. Da George is currently the Editor-in-Chief
for the journal Communications of the AlS' In the past, he has served as a senior editor
,ournal Communications of the AlS' In the past, he has served as a senior editor
,..,..
~yi 1 -. L h+rs- 'ri. +k. 1
and an associate editor for the ioumal MIS Quarterly and an associate editor for the
)oumal MIS Quarterly and an associate editor for the
. 1 T r
journal information Systems Research. He has also served on various other journal
editorial boards. Da George was the conference co-chair for the 2001 ICIS, held in New
a, ileld in New
Orleans, Louisiana, and he was the co-chair of the doctoral consortium for the 2003
ICIS, held in Seattle, Washington.
Dinesh Batra is professor at the Department of Decision Sciences and
Information Systems in the College of Business Administration at the Florida
j >terns in the College of Business Administration at the Florida
International UniversitV. He earned his B.Tech. from the indian institute of
y. He earned his B.Tech. from the indian institute of
Technology at Delhi in 1979, M.B.A. from Southern illinois UniversitV at Carbondale
gy at Delhi in 1979, M.B.A. from Southern illinois University at Carbondale
.'
in 1985, and Ph.D. from indiana University at Bloomington in 1989. After his
bachey at Bloomington in 1989. After his
bachelor's degree and during the Deriod 1979--1983, he worked for four years in a
consultblee and during the period 1979--1983, he worked for four years in a
consult.,..,,.
lug comDanv conducting Drocess and design of large engineering Drojects.
a pany conducting process and design of large engineering projects.
Da Batra has published over 25 articles in such journals as management Science,
Communication of the ACe, lournal of MIS, International lournal of Human Computer
7 the ACe, journal of MIS, International lournal of Human Computer
cflldipc Data Base FI'rovean [ournal of 11
studies, Data Base, European lournal of information SVstems, Iournal of Database
pean lournal of information Systems, Iournal of Database
bynamement Communications of the AlS, Decision Support Systems, Commuters and OR
o, U the AlS, Decision Support Systems, Computers and OR,
, T
~yi J IMInw~.';ri,
and information & Minaerment. His research interests focus on usability issues in
sysY scment. His research interests focus on usability issues in
sys.
terns and database analysis and design. He has served as an associate editor in the
ybis and design. He has served as an associate editor in the
. 1 ac.
journal Data Base, and is on the editorial board of the lournal of Database management
' T r'.
~yi 1 IMlriw~rs+;ri
and information Systems bynamement. He has also served as the director of the MS in
formation Systems management. He has also served as the director of the MS in
MIS program at the Florida international University. He is currently the president of
.
the AlS Special interest Group on Systems Analysis & Design (SIGSAND).
Joseph S. Valacich, The George and Carolyn Hubman Distinguished Professor
. - ATal. 1.,' r. v m.
in MIS and the inaugural Marian E. Smith Presidential Endowed Chair, joined the
.ural Marian E. Smith Presidential Endowed Chair, joined the
facultV at Washington State UniversitV in 1996. He was Dreviouslv an associate
brow aEon State University in 1996. He was previously an associate
professor with tenure (early) at indiana University, Bloomington, and was named the
caniner qubhedar Facultlr Fellow. He has had visiting fqcultxr aDDointments at the
aanlay Subhedar Faculty Fellow. He has had visiting faculty appointments at the
)ay Subhedar Faculty Fellow. He has had visiting faculty appointments at the
University of Arizona, City University of Hong Kong Buskerud College (Norway),
y of Arizona, City University of Hong Kong, Buskerud College (Norway),
Riga Technical University (Latvia), and the Helsinki School of Economics and
ga Yechnical University (Latvia), and the Helsinki School of Economics and
Business. He received the Ph.D. degree from the UniversitV of Arizona (MIS), and the
flee from the University of Arizona (MIS), and the
M.B.A. and B.S. (computer science) degrees from the University of Montana. His
'
teaching interests include systems analysis and design collaborative commuting
a Interests include systems analysis and design, collaborative computing,
..' 1' r.
project management, and management of information systems. Professor Valacich
,. 1..,. 1 r
served on the national task forces to design iS '97 and 2002: The Model Curriculum and
>erved on the national task forces to design iS '97 and 2002: The Model Curriculum and
gn iS '97 and 2002: The Model Curriculum and
Guidelines for Undergmduate Degree Progmms in information Systems, as well as MSIS
jor Undergmduate Degree Progmms in information Systems, as well as MSIS
, o
2000 and 2006: The Mister of Science in information Systems Model Curriculum. He also
7 oclence in information Systems Model Curriculum. He also
1. 1 w
served on the Executive Committee funded bar the National Science Foundation to
>erved on the Executive Committee, funded by the National Science Foundation, to
J
define the iS Progmm Accreditation Standards and on the Board of Directors for CSAB
gcm Accreditation Standards and on the Board of Directors for CSAB
(formally, the Computing Sciences Accreditation Board), representing the
Association for information Systems (AlS). He was the general conference co-chair
, items (AlS). He was the general conference co-chair
for the 2003 International Conference on information Systems (ICIS) in Seattle and
J
'
. 1.,.
was the vice-chair of ICIS 1999 in Charlotte, NC.
Jeffrey A. Hcffer is the Sherman-Standard Register Professor of Data
Management in the DeDartment of MIS, Operations Management, and Decision
gement in the Department of MIS, Operations Management, and Decision
sciences in the School of Business Administration at the Universitxr of Dalrton. He
sciences in the School of Business Administration at the University of Dayton. He
j yton. He
,' 1.. T 1. T T..
~1 q '~,, orb' ~ + Tri 1 i
also taught at Indiana UniversitV and Case Western Reserve University. Da Hcffer
ght at Indiana University and Case Western Reserve University. Da Hcffer
1 1.
earned his A.B. from Miami University in 1969 and his Ph.D. from Corned University
j in 1969 and his Ph.D. from Corned University
.' Q-c
In 1975.
Da Hcffer has published four other college textbooks: Modern Systems Analysis
and Design, fifth edition, with Joey George and Joseph Valacich; Essentials of Systems
gn, fifth edition, with Joey George and Joseph Valacich; Essentials of Systems
Analysis and Design, third edition, with loseph Valacich and Joey George; Modern
.ofs and Design, third edition, with loseph Valacich and Joey George; Modern
Preface xvii
Database Design, eighth edition, with Mary Prescott and Fred McFadden; and
an, eighth edition, with Mary Prescott and Fred McFadden; and
Information Technoloryfor managers: What managers Need to Know, fourth edition, with
,ormation Technologyfor managers: What managers Need to Know, fourth edition, with
Carol Brown, Daniel DeHayes, E. Wainright Martin, and William Perkins, all
pubJ, t. Wainright Martin, and William Perkins, all
published by Prentice Hall. His research articles have appeared in numerous ioumals,
y Prentice Hall. His research articles have appeared in numerous journals,
. 1,. 1
including MIS Quarterly Executive, Iournal of Database Management, Small Group
g MIS Quarterly Executive, Iournal of Database Management, Small Group
Research, Communications of the ACe, and Sloan management Review. He has received
J, and Sloan management Review. He has received
, 1.
research and equipment grants from IBM Corporation, U'S. Department of the Navy,
, NCR Teradata division.
~. I NCR Teradata division.
and NCR Teradata division.
Da Hcffer is cofounder of the international Conference on information Systems
y items
,. 1 N...
~. 1 +h & rtcri. +i '. Tab t J
and the Association for information Systems. He has served as a guest lecturer at
ystems. He has served as a guest lecturer at
Catholic UniversitV of Chile Santiago, and the Helsinki School of Economics and
y of Chile, Santiago, and the Helsinki School of Economics and
Business in Mikkeli, Finland. Dr. Hcffer is currently an associate director of the
j
Teradata UniversitV Network.
y Network.
Joey E George,
Florida State UniversitV
j
Dinesh Batra,
Florida international UniversitV
y
Joseph S. Valacich,
Washington State UniversitV
aEon State University
Jeffrey A. Hcffer,
University of Dayton
y of Dayton
R E FE R E N CE
Land M. 2006. "An EmDirical Study of Processes, Methods, and Techniques for Web/HyDermedia
s, lA. 2006. "An Empirical Study of Processes, Methods, and Techniques for Web/Hypermedia
qlrQfems Design. Information Systems management.
systems Design. Information Systems management.
. an. Information Systems management.
... n,
xvill Preface
