前 言
在国家卫生健康委、中国红十字会总会的指导支持下,《中国器官捐献和移植发展报告(2025)》正式出版。本报告是自 2018 年启动编写以来连续发布的第八部年度报告,延续中英文对照发布机制,以权威、翔实、客观的数据与实践总结,全面呈现2025年度我国人体器官捐献与移植事业发展全貌,持续为推动事业高质量发展提供权威参考与数据支撑。
党中央、国务院高度重视人体器官捐献与移植事业发展。2024年5月1日,《人体器官捐献和移植条例》正式施行,标志着我国器官捐献和移植事业在法治化、规范化轨道上迈上了新台阶。2025年作为条例全面深化实施之年,国家卫生健康委配套出台系列管理文件,会同多部门健全协同推进机制,持续强化器官捐献、获取、分配、移植、质控、监管全流程管理,器官转运绿色通道高效运转,法治保障更加完善,制度体系更加健全,有力推动我国器官捐献移植事业在阳光下规范、有序、健康发展。
近年来,我国器官捐献与移植事业取得长足进步。自公民自愿器官捐献成为器官移植唯一合法来源以来,捐献与移植数量稳步增长,质量持续提升。我国构建形成符合国情、遵循伦理与世界卫生组织准则的器官捐献和移植体系,器官分配与共享系统公平公正公开运行,移植技术与医疗质量不断提升,多项临床技术达到国际先进水平,社会宣传动员广泛开展,公众参与度不断提高,事业发展得到社会各界广泛认可与国际社会积极评价。我国持续加强国际交流合作,通过世界卫生组织全球器官移植监测网公开透明提供相关数据与成果,展现我国器官捐献与移植工作的显著成效,为全球器官移植事业贡献中国智慧和中国方案。
在充分肯定成绩的同时,我们清醒认识到,我国器官捐献与移植事业仍面临器官供需矛盾突出、公众认知度有待提升、区域发展不够均衡、专业人才队伍建设有待加强等挑战,我国每百万人口器官捐献率仍低于国际先进水平,转变公众传统观念、普及器官捐献科普、完善全链条服务体系仍是长期艰巨工作。
新时代新征程,器官捐献和移植事业承载着保障人民健康、增进民生福祉、促进社会文明进步的重要使命。我们将始终坚持人民至上、生命至上,深入贯彻落实《人体器官捐献和移植条例》,持续完善法治与制度体系,强化全流程规范监管;加大宣传教育力度,弘扬器官捐献大爱精神,营造全社会支持参与的良好氛围;加强技术创新与人才培养,不断提升临床服务与医疗质量;深化国际交流合作,积极参与全球器官捐献与移植治理,全力推动我国器官捐献和移植事业不断迈上新台阶。
本报告实事求是、准确客观地反映2025年度事业发展全貌,涵盖捐献数量、移植技术、政策落实、体系建设、质量控制、社会宣传等内容,数据翔实、分析客观,既是年度工作的忠实记录,也是对未来发展方向的清晰把握。谨向无私奉献的器官捐献者及家属、辛勤付出的一线医务工作者、协调员和科研人员,以及所有关心支持事业发展的社会各界人士,致以崇高敬意!
相信在全社会共同努力下,我国器官捐献和移植事业必将行稳致远。愿本报告为行业发展提供有力参考、为科学决策提供坚实支撑,助力事业持续健康高质量发展,为推进健康中国建设、增进人民健康福祉、推动社会文明进步做出新的更大贡献。
《中国器官捐献和移植发展报告(2025)》编委会
2026年6月
注:《中国器官捐献和移植发展报告(2025)》数据统计时间为 2015年1月1日—2025年12月31日;数据统计范围为31个省(自治区、直辖市)及新疆生产建设兵团(不含中国香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区和台湾省)。
Preface
Under the guidance and support of the National Health Commission and with the support of the Red Cross Society of China, Report on the Development of Organ Donation and Transplantation in China (2025) is officially published. This marks the eighth consecutive annual report released since the compilation work was launched in 2018. It maintains the Chinese-English publication format and, through authoritative, detailed, and objective data and summaries of practice, presents a comprehensive overview of the development of human organ donation and transplantation in China in 2025, providing authoritative references and data support to drive the high-quality development in this cause.
The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach high priority to the development of human organ donation and transplantation. On May 1, 2024, the Regulations on Human Organ Donation and Transplantation officially came into effect, marking a new stage in the law-based and standardized development of organ donation and transplantation in China. As 2025 presented a year of comprehensive and in-depth implementation of the Regulations, the National Health Commission issued a series of supporting management documents and, in conjunction with relevant departments, improved the coordination mechanism. Full-process management covering organ donation, procurement, allocation, transplantation, quality control, and supervision continued to be strengthened. The green channel for organ transport operated efficiently, legal safeguards became more complete, and the institutional framework became more robust, effectively promoting standardized, orderly, and healthy development of organ donation and transplantation in China under open and transparent conditions.
In recent years, organ donation and transplantation in China have achieved remarkable progress. Since voluntary organ donation by citizens became the sole legitimate source for organ transplants, donation and transplant case volumes have grown steadily alongside continous quality improvement.
China has built an organ donation and transplantation system aligned with China’s national realities, consistent with ethical principles, and the guidelines issued by the World Health Organization (WHO). The organ allocation and sharing system operates in a fair, just, and open manner; transplantation technologies and medical quality continue to improve; a number of clinical technologies have reached internationally advanced levels; public education and mobilization campaigns have been extensively rolled out; public participation has steadily increased; and the development of this field has received broad recognition from all sectors of society and positive evaluation from the international community. China has continued to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation, and has publicly and transparently provided relevant data and results through the WHO Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation, demonstrating the significant achievements of organ donation and transplantation in China and contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to the global development of organ transplantation.
While fully recognizing these achievements, we are also keenly aware that organ donation and transplantation in China still face challenges, including a striking imbalance between organ supply and demand, insufficient public awareness, uneven regional development, and the need to further strengthen the professional workforce. The organ donation rate per million population still lags behind international benchmarks. Changing public perceptions, popularize knowledge about organ donation, and improving the service system remain long-term and arduous tasks.
On the new journey in the new era, organ donation and transplantation carry the vital mission of saveguarding people’s health, enhancing people’s well-being, and advancing social civilization. We will adhere to the principle of putting the people first and life first, thoroughly implement the Regulations on Human Organ Donation and Transplantation, continuously refine the legal and institutional framework, and reinforce standardized full-process supervision. We will intensify public education and outreach, promote the spirit of profound love embodied in organ donation, and foster a favorable atmosphere for participation and support across society. We will strengthen technological innovation and talent cultivation, continuously improve clinical services and medical quality, deepen international exchanges and cooperation, actively participate in global governance of organ donation and transplantation, and make every effort to elevate organ donation and transplantation cause in China to new heights.
This report provides a truthful, accurate, and objective overview of the progress of this cause in 2025, covering donation volume, transplantation technologies, policy implementation, system development, quality control, public education and mobilization, and other core dimensions. Supported by detailed data and objective analysis, it serves not only as a faithful archive of annual progress, but also offers clear guidance for future development trajectories. We hereby extend our highest respect to the selfless organ donors and their families, to tireless frontline medical professionals, coordinators, and the researchers who have worked tirelessly, and to the people from all sectors of society who care about and support the development of this cause.
It is believed that with the concerted efforts of the entire society, organ donation and transplantation in China will continue to forge ahead steadily and sustainably.
May this report provide strong references for the development of this cause and solid support for scientific decision-making, facilitate the sustained, healthy, and high-quality development of the field, and make greater contributions to advancing the Healthy China initiative, improving people’s health and well-being, and fostering social civility.
Editorial Committee of the Report on the Development of Organ Donation and Transplantation in China (2025)
June 2026
Note: Time period for data collection of Report on the Development of Organ Donation and Transplantation in China (2025): January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2025. Data of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (excluding Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Taiwan Province) were included.
