This book reviews China’s modernization process since its reform and opening up. It discusses the birth, development and characteristics of modernization development in China. Using experience from overseas for reference, it presents eight goals for Chinese development: structure and economy development, human structure, education structure, sustainable development, harmony and security of the society, democracy and law, to build a modernized China with harmony and civilization. It provides suggestions for building a well-off society. The first edition of this book was used a background research material for the 17th national congress of the CPC. In this book, which is the second edition, the author uses research results in the recent years, systematically revises data and discussions to help readers to understand 2020 Chinese goal further. At the same time, it is a good reference for readers to understand the spirit of 18th National Congress of the CPC.