This book attempts to conduct an in-depth scan of the spirit of traditional Chinese culture based on the value system of "improving one’s own to regulate the family, rule the country and make the world a peaceful place". On the level of “improving one’s own”, it focuses on the basic attitudes of ancient Chinese people towards life, humanity and personal moral cultivation; in terms of “regulating the family”, it focuses on their imagination of an ideal family and their desire for the warmth of human relations; as for “ruling the country”, it is mainly concerned with the ancient Chinese people's emotional identification with their motherland and their views on good politics; and in the aspect of “making the world a peaceful place”, it mainly talks about the ultimate ideas of ancient Chinese people for human society and their profound understanding on the relationship between their own country and other countries, between the culture of their own country and that of other countries, and between human society and the universe and nature.