This book provides a systematic and comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of 3D programming in different scenarios such as perspective projection, orthogonal projection, ray tracing, referred to as “1” for short. 1 consists of two aspects: the input vertex texture coordinates 1 and the dimensions of the output content after being processed by 3D pipeline; and the geometric mathematical foundations of 3D programs and pipelines. This book can be used as a theoretical basis for analyzing the graphics systems and design game engines of Android and Chromium. The book splits perspective projection into two parts for analysis, that is geometric model and perspective division model; it also analyzes the effects of model view transformations, viewport transformations, and texture mappings commonly used in 3D programs on 3D vertex texture coordinate 1; it analyzes the causes of lens distortion used in virtual reality and the distortion correction achieved by model transformation or texture mapping.