Following the principle of solving problems from the roots, this book systematically sifts through ancient medical systems, the development of traditional Chinese medicine education, its inheritance and talent cultivation, and catalogs of medical works from various historical periods through all kinds of records, including but not limited to the Twenty-Six Histories, comprehensive historical records, and comprehensive verified historical books. Meanwhile, using a novel approach that combines modern interdisciplinary attributes, it clarifies the disciplinary boundaries of history and TCM, all based on well-founded evidence. The book discusses the establishment and repeal of ancient Chinese medical systems, which we can refer to for rule-making and system establishment. The book explores TCM inheritance, talent cultivation, and TCM education development, offering thought-provoking details. Regarding renowned physicians and medical legacies, the book meticulously selects 21 representative medical figures who have far-reaching influence on future generations, narrating their prominent contributions and anecdotes as doctors in medicine. Additionally, the book thoroughly organizes catalogs of medical works throughout history, categorizing them firstly based on historical sources and then classifying them into detailed categories such as medical classics, materia medica, medical formulas, acupuncture, health preservation, veterinary medicine, and obstetrics. The book is clearly structured and covers thorough topics.