Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are crucial strategic actions for modern enterprises to develop rapidly and enhance their values. This book comprehensively introduces M&A motivations, practical transaction processes, and how to make scientific decisions on and evaluate the outcomes of M&A transactions correctly. The book consists of seven chapters covering M&A motivations, due diligence, M&A transaction structure design, valuation of M&A consideration, control rights design and competition, post-transaction integration, and other corporate restructuring methods. Through these chapters, this book establishes a complete knowledge system of M&A and equity investment. In addition to fundamental theoretical knowledge related to M&A, the book also includes analyses of important classic business cases. This enables readers to understand the foundational theoretical knowledge more profoundly and apply it in business practices, thereby proficiently mastering the knowledge points. Based on international financial market principles and closely related to the current state of the Chinese capital market, this book aims to cultivate financial and accounting professionals with a global perspective who serve the Chinese capital market. The book can serve as a textbook for finance and business administration courses in colleges and universities, as well as a reference for professionals in corporate M&A and equity investment. Meanwhile, it can be used as training material for corporate managers, financial institutions, and practitioners in investment departments, or it can be read by the general public.