This book offers a profound interpretation of the logical tensions between governance theories and practices across multiple dimensions: the reconstruction of society and modernity, the new technological revolution and the modernization of social governance, the modern transformation of traditional Chinese society and the contemporary layout of social governance, and the evolution of Western social governance within the context of globalization. Grounded in clarifying the historical intersection of technological advancement and social governance, it further conducts specialized studies on emerging issues in social governance triggered by the new technological revolution. Through dissecting the multilayered relationships between "good governance" and "good intelligence", the work charts a future path for building an AI-enabled social governance system. The author' s reflections on the modernization of social governance in the AI era, deeply rooted in his own practical experiences, stand as a rare and valuable contribution.